This study focused on the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of soils from different grasslands in the Budapest area. Our aim was to assess the influence of anthropogenic activities on these soils by comparing three types of site: urban, green-urban and non-urban. From these sites, a total of 72 topsoil samples were collected and analysed. The results indicated that many properties of soils varied greatly between the different types of site. Urban soils had significantly higher pH, carbonate and salt content, but smaller organic carbon content than the other soils. These differences could be explained in part by the greater artefact content, as the latter was significantly correlated with most of the main soil properties. Concentrations of the heavy metals measured (Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) were generally smaller in non-urban soils. In urban and green-urban soils, Cu, Cr, Ni and Pb levels were above the natural background levels, due to anthropogenic inputs in the city. Results of microbiological analyses were controversial. According to most probable number (MPN), there was no significant difference between types of site for bacterial and fungal numbers in soil. However, dehydrogenase activity and the number of bacterial cells were larger in non-urban than in urban soils. It was also found that microbial parameters were influenced by many soil properties, for example organic matter and macronutrient (N, P, K) content of soils, the presence and amount of artefacts and metal concentrations in soil.

中文翻译：

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布达佩斯地区城市与非城市草地土壤性质比较

本研究侧重于布达佩斯地区不同草原土壤的物理、化学和微生物特征。我们的目的是通过比较三种类型的场地来评估人类活动对这些土壤的影响：城市、绿色城市和非城市。从这些地点，总共收集和分析了 72 个表土样品。结果表明，土壤的许多性质在不同类型的场地之间差异很大。城市土壤的 pH 值、碳酸盐和盐分含量明显较高，但有机碳含量低于其他土壤。这些差异可以部分解释为较大的人工制品含量，因为后者与大多数主要土壤特性显着相关。测量的重金属浓度（Co、Cu、Cr、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn) 在非城市土壤中通常较小。在城市和绿色城市土壤中，由于城市的人为输入，Cu、Cr、Ni 和 Pb 的含量高于自然本底水平。微生物分析的结果是有争议的。根据最可能数（MPN），土壤中细菌和真菌数量的地点类型之间没有显着差异。然而，脱氢酶活性和细菌细胞数量在非城市土壤中比在城市土壤中要大。还发现微生物参数受许多土壤特性的影响，例如土壤的有机质和常量营养素（N、P、K）含量、人工制品的存在和数量以及土壤中的金属浓度。由于城市中的人为输入。微生物分析的结果是有争议的。根据最可能数（MPN），土壤中细菌和真菌数量的地点类型之间没有显着差异。然而，脱氢酶活性和细菌细胞数量在非城市土壤中比在城市土壤中要大。还发现微生物参数受许多土壤特性的影响，例如土壤的有机质和常量营养素（N、P、K）含量、人工制品的存在和数量以及土壤中的金属浓度。由于城市中的人为输入。微生物分析的结果是有争议的。根据最可能数（MPN），土壤中细菌和真菌数量的地点类型之间没有显着差异。然而，脱氢酶活性和细菌细胞数量在非城市土壤中比在城市土壤中要大。还发现微生物参数受许多土壤特性的影响，例如土壤的有机质和常量营养素（N、P、K）含量、人工制品的存在和数量以及土壤中的金属浓度。非城市土壤的脱氢酶活性和细菌细胞数量大于城市土壤。还发现微生物参数受许多土壤特性的影响，例如土壤的有机质和常量营养素（N、P、K）含量、人工制品的存在和数量以及土壤中的金属浓度。脱氢酶活性和细菌细胞数量在非城市土壤中大于城市土壤。还发现微生物参数受许多土壤特性的影响，例如土壤的有机质和常量营养素（N、P、K）含量、人工制品的存在和数量以及土壤中的金属浓度。