SUMOylation is a dynamic post‐translational modification process. However, the function of small ubiquitin‐like modifiers (SUMOs) in the maturation of porcine oocytes and embryo growth is not well known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of E2 binding enzyme UBC9 on the expression of SUMO‐1 protein during the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and embryo development after in vitro fertilization. Four groups were used: 0 (Control), 5, 10 and 15 µg/ml UBC9. Western blotting, flow cytometry and RT‐qPCR were used to detect the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes, SUMO‐1 content, viability and the expression of apoptotic genes. Compared to those in the control treatment, the maturation rate (p < .05) and viability (p < .01) of oocytes in the 5 μg/ml treatment group decreased significantly. SUMO‐1 protein markers appeared at 59 and 71 kDa and the content of SUMO‐1 protein in the 10 µg/ml treatment group decreased significantly (p < .05). In the expression of apoptosis‐related genes, Bcl‐2 gene expression was significantly downregulated in the 10 μg/ml treatment group (p < .05). However, Bax and Caspase‐3 were significantly upregulated in the 5 μg/ml treatment group (p < .05). During embryonic development, the cleavage rate of oocytes in the 10 µg/ml treatment group was significantly reduced (p < .05), whereas blastocyst formation rate in the 5 µg/ml treatment group was significantly reduced. UBC9 regulates SUMO‐1 content in mature pig oocytes in vitro, which affects oocyte maturation rate, viability, apoptotic genes expression and embryo development after fertilization.

中文翻译：

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E2结合酶UBC9对猪卵母细胞成熟，凋亡和胚胎发育的影响。

SUMOylation是一个动态的翻译后修饰过程。但是，尚不清楚小泛素样修饰剂（SUMO）在猪卵母细胞成熟和胚胎生长中的作用。因此，本研究的目的是研究猪卵母细胞体外成熟和体外受精后胚胎发育过程中E2结合酶UBC9对SUMO-1蛋白表达的影响。使用四组：0（对照），5、10和15 µg / ml UBC9。蛋白质印迹，流式细胞仪和RT-qPCR用于检测猪卵母细胞的体外成熟，SUMO-1含量，生存力和凋亡基因的表达。与对照组相比，成熟率（p  <.05）和生存力（p 5μg/ ml治疗组的卵母细胞显着降低（<0.01）。SUMO-1蛋白标记出现在59和71 kDa处，并且10 µg / ml处理组中SUMO-1蛋白的含量显着降低（p  <.05）。在凋亡相关基因的表达中，Bcl-2基因的表达在10μg/ ml治疗组中显着下调（p  <.05）。但是，5μg/ ml治疗组的Bax和Caspase-3明显上调（p  <.05）。在胚胎发育过程中，10 µg / ml治疗组的卵母细胞裂解率显着降低（p <.05），而5 µg / ml治疗组的胚泡形成率显着降低。UBC9在体外调节成熟猪卵母细胞中SUMO-1的含量，这会影响受精后卵母细胞的成熟速率，生存力，凋亡基因表达和胚胎发育。