Wide‐area damping control is able to improve the stability of inter‐connected power systems in case of low‐frequency oscillations. Nevertheless, the damping effect is closely related to the time delay of wide‐area control loops. The application potential of proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) damper is explored in wide‐area power system damping control. First, the relative residue index based on dominant oscillation modes is employed to determine a suitable control loop. Then, the PID stability space is calculated numerically based on extended Hermite–Biehler Theorem. Finally, the damping‐robustness balance principle is discussed in the PID parameters selection. The proposed PID damper is tested by supplementing the generator excitation control in the two‐area four‐machine power system and the static var compensator control in the 16‐machine 68‐bus power system. Simulation results confirm that it is feasible to design a PID damper for the control loop with a larger relative residue index. The designed PID damper is able to enhance power system stability by inhibiting low‐frequency oscillations under considerable time delays, and it is robust to the changes of system operation state and time delay.

中文翻译：

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考虑时间延迟的广域电力系统的PID阻尼器设计

在低频振荡的情况下，广域阻尼控制能够提高互连电力系统的稳定性。但是，阻尼效果与广域控制回路的时间延迟密切相关。比例积分微分（PID）阻尼器的应用潜力在广域电力系统阻尼控制中得到了探索。首先，基于主要振荡模式的相对残留指数被用来确定合适的控制回路。然后，基于扩展的Hermite-Biehler定理，通过数值计算PID稳定空间。最后，在PID参数选择中讨论了阻尼鲁棒性平衡原理。所建议的PID阻尼器是通过补充两区域四机动力系统中的发电机励磁控制和16机68总线动力系统中的静态无功补偿器控制进行测试的。仿真结果表明，为较大的相对残留指数设计用于控制回路的PID阻尼器是可行的。设计的PID阻尼器能够通过抑制相当长的延时下的低频振荡来增强电力系统的稳定性，并且对于系统运行状态和延时的变化具有鲁棒性。