Larval genital discs are sexually dimorphic in many social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). These sexual traits are visible in vivo and in long‐term ethanol‐preserved samples. Genital disc morphology provides a cheap, quick, and accurate way to distinguish larvae of females and males.

中文翻译：

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体内和长期乙醇保存的社会黄蜂的幼虫性别鉴定

许多社会黄蜂（膜翅目：胡蜂科）的幼虫生殖盘是两性异形的。这些性特征在体内和长期乙醇保存的样品中都是可见的。生殖盘形态提供了一种廉价、快速和准确的方法来区分雌性和雄性幼虫。