Applying vehicular (V2X) communications in detecting traffic congestion is a promising approach, as smart and self-driving vehicles are equipped with sensors that can be used to detect an incident anywhere in real-time. Unfortunately, without appropriate security measures and careful design the communication can be vulnerable to malicious attacks, causing even more damage on the roads. Addressing these problems, we propose a high-level system architecture and a security protocol specifically designed for congestion detection based on vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) type communication. The security properties of our proposed approach are formally verified using the ProVerif tool, and its efficiency compared to the traditional traffic light systems is demonstrated through simulations with the Veins framework. Results show that our system is secure against a large set of attacks, and can have lower total travelling time compared to three traditional traffic light approaches based on induction loop, lane area detector/camera (installed near the junctions), and static lights.

将车辆（V2X）通信用于检测交通拥堵是一种有前途的方法，因为智能和自动驾驶车辆配备了可用于实时检测任何地方事件的传感器。不幸的是，如果没有适当的安全措施和精心设计，通信可能容易受到恶意攻击，从而对道路造成更大的损害。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了一种高级系统体系结构和一种安全协议，专门针对基于车辆到基础结构（V2I）类型的通信的拥塞检测而设计。我们使用ProVerif工具对我们提出的方法的安全属性进行了正式验证，并且通过使用Veins框架进行的仿真证明了其与传统交通信号灯系统相比的效率。