Biomechanical stresses are closely associated with cardiovascular development and diseases. In vivo, vascular smooth muscle cells are constantly stimulated by biomechanical factors caused by increased blood pressure leading to the non-specific activation of cell transmembrane proteins. Thus, various intracellular signal molecules are simultaneously activated via signaling cascades, which are closely related to alterations in the differentiation, phenotype, inflammation, migration, pyroptosis, calcification, proliferation, and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells. Meanwhile, mechanical stress-induced miRNAs and epigenetics modification on vascular smooth muscle cells play critical roles as well. Eventually, the overall pathophysiology of the cells is altered, resulting in the development of many major clinical diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, grafted venous atherosclerosis, and aneurysm, among others. In this paper, important advances in mechanical signal communication in vascular smooth muscle cells are reviewed.

生物力学应力与心血管发展和疾病密切相关。在体内，血管平滑肌细胞不断受到生物机械因素的刺激，这些生物机械因素是由血压升高引起的，导致细胞跨膜蛋白的非特异性活化。因此，各种细胞内信号分子通过信号级联同时被激活，其与血管平滑肌细胞的分化，表型，炎症，迁移，焦磷酸化，钙化，增殖和凋亡的改变密切相关。同时，机械应力诱导的miRNA和对血管平滑肌细胞的表观遗传学修饰也起着关键作用。最终，细胞的整体病理生理发生了改变，导致了许多主要的临床疾病的发展，包括高血压，动脉粥样硬化，移植性静脉动脉粥样硬化和动脉瘤等。本文综述了血管平滑肌细胞机械信号通讯的重要进展。