The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder and an important cause of refractory hypertension. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the development of hypertension, but their role in OSAS with hypertension (OSAS-hypertension) has been little studied. Evidence indicates that miR-126a-3p expression is lower in patients with OSAS-hypertension compared with the patients with OSAS alone. However, its role in the pathogenesis of OSAS-hypertension remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of miR-126a-3p in OSAS-hypertension and to determine whether HIF-1α is involved in this process. Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) for 8 weeks to induce OSAS-hypertension. Rat aortic smooth muscle cells (A7r5) were cultured under hypoxia as an in vitro model. Our results showed that rats exposed to 8 week CIH exhibited decreased miR-126a-3p and increased HIF-1α expression. Furthermore, administration of recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing miR-126a-3p (rAAV-miR-126a) counteracted the CIH-induced systolic blood pressure upregulation, oxidase stress, inflammation, and heart and abdominal aorta vascular remodeling. Moreover, the mechanism was associated with its targeted suppression of HIF-1α. These findings suggest that miR-126a-3p might be a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OSAS-hypertension.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症（OSAS）是一种常见的与睡眠有关的呼吸障碍，是顽固性高血压的重要原因。微小RNA（miRNA）参与高血压的发展，但其在高血压伴OSAS（OSAS-高血压）中的作用尚未得到研究。有证据表明，与单纯OSAS患者相比，OSAS高血压患者miR-126a-3p表达较低。但是，其在OSAS高血压发病机理中的作用仍不清楚。因此，本研究旨在调查miR-126a-3p在OSAS高血压中的作用，并确定HIF-1α是否参与该过程。将Sprague Dawley大鼠暴露于慢性间歇性缺氧（CIH）8周，以诱导OSAS高血压。在缺氧条件下培养大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞（A7r5）作为体外模型。我们的结果表明，暴露于8周CIH的大鼠表现出减少的miR-126a-3p和增加的HIF-1α表达。此外，施用表达miR-126a-3p的重组腺相关病毒（rAAV-miR-126a）可以抵消CIH诱导的收缩压上调，氧化酶应激，炎症以及心脏和腹主动脉血管重塑。而且，该机制与其对HIF-1α的靶向抑制有关。这些发现表明，miR-126a-3p可能是治疗OSAS高血压的新型潜在治疗靶标。氧化酶应激，炎症以及心脏和腹主动脉血管重塑。而且，该机制与其对HIF-1α的靶向抑制有关。这些发现表明，miR-126a-3p可能是治疗OSAS高血压的新型潜在治疗靶标。氧化酶应激，炎症以及心脏和腹主动脉血管重塑。而且，该机制与其对HIF-1α的靶向抑制有关。这些发现表明，miR-126a-3p可能是治疗OSAS高血压的新型潜在治疗靶标。