Translocation is an increasingly common component of species conservation efforts. However, translocated populations often suffer from loss of genetic diversity and increased inbreeding, and thus may require active management to establish gene flow across isolated populations. Assisted gene flow can be laborious and costly, so recipient and source populations should be carefully chosen to maximise genetic diversity outcomes. The greater stick-nest rat (GSNR, Leporillus conditor), a threatened Australian rodent, has been the focus of a translocation program since 1985, resulting in five extant translocated populations (St Peter Island, Reevesby Island, Arid Recovery, Salutation Island and Mt Gibson), all derived from a remnant wild population on the East and West Franklin Islands. We evaluated the genetic diversity in all extant GSNR populations using a large single nucleotide polymorphism dataset with the explicit purpose of informing future translocation planning. Our results show varying levels of genetic divergence, inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity in all translocated populations relative to the remnant source on the Franklin Islands. All translocated populations would benefit from supplementation to increase genetic diversity, but two—Salutation Island and Mt Gibson—are of highest priority. We recommend a targeted admixture approach, in which animals for supplementation are sourced from populations that have low relatedness to the recipient population. Subject to assessment of contemporary genetic diversity, St Peter Island and Arid Recovery are the most appropriate source populations for genetic supplementation. Our study demonstrates an effective use of genetic surveys for data-driven management of threatened species.

易位是物种保护工作中越来越普遍的组成部分。但是，易位种群经常遭受遗传多样性的丧失和近亲繁殖的增加，因此可能需要积极管理以建立跨孤立种群的基因流。辅助基因流可能很费力且成本高昂，因此应谨慎选择受体和来源群体，以最大程度地提高遗传多样性的结果。更大的巢巢大鼠（GSNR，Leporillus conditor），一种濒临灭绝的澳大利亚啮齿动物，自1985年以来就一直是一项易位计划的重点，导致五个现存易位种群（圣彼得岛，里夫斯比岛，干旱恢复区，致敬岛和吉布森山）均来自于残余的野生种群。东西富兰克林群岛。我们使用大型单核苷酸多态性数据集评估了所有现存GSNR种群的遗传多样性，其明确目的是告知未来的易位计划。我们的结果表明，相对于富兰克林群岛上的剩余资源，所有易位人口的遗传多样性，近亲繁殖和遗传多样性丧失水平都不同。所有外来人口都将从补充中受益，以增加遗传多样性，但其中最优先的两个是萨鲁廷岛和吉布森山。我们建议采用有针对性的混合方法，其中要补充的动物应与与受者群体的亲缘关系低的种群采购。根据对当代遗传多样性的评估，圣彼得岛和干旱恢复是最适合遗传补充的来源种群。我们的研究表明，将遗传调查有效用于数据驱动的受威胁物种管理。