Most Algerian agricultural areas are facing groundwater depletion under the combined effects of climate change and big consumption due to irrigation and urban needs. This is exactly the case of syncline Bouguirat located in North Algeria, the topic of this investigation. This region has an agricultural vocation with a dominant market gardening and arid Mediterranean climate characterized by recurrent drought events. During the early twentieth century, the average annual rainfall was estimated between 400 and 500 mm; however, between the years 1990 and 2015, it declined to around 280 mm. During the same period, the water level of water wells and boreholes decreased to 10 and 30 m, while several observation wells of the piezometric network have dried up. The volume of water extracted is estimated at 87.184 hm³ per year while the contribution of water table is only 22.51 hm³ per year, resulting in a deficit of about 65 hm³ per year. Climate, hydrogeological, and piezometry studies show that the syncline of Bouguirat is indeed prone to inordinate overexploitation that generates substantial drawdowns. The comparison between the water demand and groundwater resources allowed an operating assessment of groundwater resources. In this article, the problem of overexploitation of groundwater in Bouguirat synclinal has been well studied by the accurate monitoring of groundwater retreat; this retreat has been determined by a two-part in-depth study. In the Materials and Methods section, a detailed piezometric study of the study area was conducted to confirm the groundwater retreat. The Results and Discussions section was devoted to the study of the variation of the piezometric level as a function of precipitation, which confirms that the retreat is caused by drought and overexploitation of groundwater, then to study the fluctuation of the groundwater by making an overall balance of the exploited underground resources which gave a huge deficit with a significant reduction of up to 30 m. At the end of the study, solutions for the good management of this resource were proposed to remedy this critical situation.

中文翻译：

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干旱地区的地下水过量利用：阿尔及利亚向斜线Bouguirat-Mostaganem的案例研究

在气候变化和灌溉和城市需求导致的大量消费的综合影响下，大多数阿尔及利亚农业地区面临地下水枯竭的问题。这就是本调查主题位于北阿尔及利亚的向斜Bouguirat的情况。该地区的农业活动以市场园艺为主，地中海气候干旱，干旱频发。在二十世纪初，估计年平均降雨量在400至500毫米之间。但是，在1990年至2015年之间，它下降到了280毫米左右。在同一时期，水井和井眼的水位下降到10和30 m，而测压网络的几个观测井已经干dried。提取的水量估计为87.184 hm ³每年地下水位的贡献仅为22.51 hm ³，导致赤字约65 hm ³每年。气候，水文地质和测压研究表明，Bouguirat的向斜线确实易于遭受过度开采，从而产生大量亏损。需水量与地下水资源之间的比较允许对地下水资源进行运行评估。在这篇文章中，对Bouguirat向斜地带的地下水过度开采问题已经通过对地下水退缩的精确监测得到了很好的研究。这次撤退是由两部分的深入研究确定的。在“材料和方法”部分中，对研究区域进行了详细的测压研究，以确认地下水的退缩。结果与讨论部分专门研究了测压水平随降水变化的变化，这证实了退缩是由于干旱和地下水的过度开采造成的，然后通过平衡所开采地下资源的整体平衡来研究地下水的波动，这产生了巨大的赤字，最大减少了30 m。在研究结束时，提出了对这种资源进行良好管理的解决方案，以纠正这种紧急情况。