Munnar is a world-famous tourist place surrounded by rolling hills & barren cliffs at the top with tea plantation at lower altitude, situated in the vicinity of Western Ghats in Kerala state of India. Presently, Munnar area is facing pressure of unplanned developmental activities to accommodate growing tourist flow. Landslide problems are also reported in the last couple of decades in this area; mostly mud/soil flow, rock fall and small rotational failures at places mainly due to change in rainfall pattern and change in the land use and land cover. An attempt has been made to study the change in the land use and land cover pattern of Munnar area covering roughly 542 km² using image processing and Geographical Information System. Studies have been carried out with the Survey of India Toposheet of the year 1980, and Cartosat imageries of the years 1995, 1997 2005, 2007 and 2014. Substantial change has been observed in the land use and land cover in this area from 1980 to 2014. Results are encouraging as the forest cover has increased in the study area, though construction activities are still nonsystematic and unplanned. This study provides the information regarding the changing trend of land use and land cover of the Munnar area over 34 years and will be helpful for sustainable planning and development of the beautiful Munnar area, Western Ghats of India.

中文翻译：

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印度西高止山脉Idukki区Munnar地区土地利用和土地覆盖格局变化趋势的时空研究

慕那尔（Munnar）是举世闻名的旅游胜地，位于印度喀拉拉邦的西高止山脉（Western Ghats）附近，山顶连绵起伏的丘陵和贫瘠的悬崖，海拔较低的茶园。目前，慕那尔地区正面临计划外的开发活动的压力，以适应不断增长的游客流量。最近几十年来，该地区也发生了滑坡问题。主要是由于降雨模式的变化以及土地利用和土地覆被的变化，造成泥浆/土壤流，岩石崩塌和一些地方的小旋转破坏。试图研究蒙纳地区约542 km ²的土地利用和土地覆盖格局的变化使用图像处理和地理信息系统。已经对1980年的印度地形图调查以及1995年，1997年，2005年，2007年和2014年的Cartosat影像进行了研究。从1980年至2014年，该地区的土地利用和土地覆盖已发生了重大变化。 。尽管研究活动仍是非系统性的和无计划的，但由于研究区域森林覆盖率的增加，结果令人鼓舞。这项研究提供了有关34年以来Munnar地区土地使用和土地覆盖变化趋势的信息，并将有助于印度西高止山脉美丽的Munnar地区的可持续规划和发展。