The entropy production rate associated to broken time-reversal symmetry provides an essential characterization of nano-systems out of equilibrium, from driven colloidal particles to molecular motors. Limited access to the dynamical states is generally expected to hinder the correct estimation of this observable. Here we show how memoryless jump processes can be coarse-grained exactly preserving its average and fluctuations at stationarity. This supports univocal applicability of fluctuation theorems for entropy and allows inference of the genuine thermodynamics together with inaccessible process details.

中文翻译：

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精确的粗粒度可保持熵产生不平衡

与破碎的时间反转对称性相关的熵产生速率提供了从驱动的胶体粒子到分子马达的不平衡的纳米系统的基本特征。通常预期对动力学状态的有限访问会阻碍对该可观察值的正确估计。在这里，我们展示了无记忆的跳转过程如何精确地保留其平均值和平稳性的波动。这支持了熵波动定理的明确适用性，并可以推断出真正的热力学以及难以获得的过程细节。