A detailed understanding of the function of neural networks and how they are supported by a dynamic vascular system requires fast three-dimensional imaging in thick tissues. Here we present confocal light field microscopy, a method that enables fast volumetric imaging in the brain at depths of hundreds of micrometers. It uses a generalized confocal detection scheme that selectively collects fluorescent signals from the in-focus volume and provides optical sectioning capability to improve imaging resolution and sensitivity in thick tissues. We demonstrate recording of whole-brain calcium transients in freely swimming zebrafish larvae and observe behaviorally correlated activities in single neurons during prey capture. Furthermore, in the mouse brain, we detect neural activities at depths of up to 370 μm and track blood cells at 70 Hz over a volume of diameter 800 μm × thickness 150 μm and depth of up to 600 μm.

对神经网络的功能及其如何由动态血管系统支持的详细了解，需要在厚组织中进行快速三维成像。在这里，我们介绍了共聚焦光场显微镜，一种能够在数百微米深度的大脑中进行快速体积成像的方法。它使用一种通用的共聚焦检测方案，该方案可选择性地从聚焦体积中收集荧光信号，并提供光学切片功能，以提高厚组织中的成像分辨率和灵敏度。我们证明了自由游泳的斑马鱼幼虫中全脑钙瞬态的记录，并观察到猎物捕获过程中单个神经元的行为相关活动。此外，在老鼠的大脑中