Abstract

Soil amendments, constituting of various plant and animal sources, were evaluated in pits for their effects on Meloidogyne spp. infecting tomato in comparison to the synthetic nematicide fenamiphos and the untreated control. Fifty-six days after transplanting, soil and root samples were collected for nematode extraction and counting while fruit mass and the number of fruits were also recorded and the average yield per treatment calculated. The plant-based pit-composting treatments decreased nematode population densities, from 43% to 94%; with the citrus fruit-pit compost being the most effective (reducing nematode densities by up to 94%). Conversely, chicken and cattle manure treatments generally resulted in increased nematode densities (up to 141% and 159%, respectively). Increases in tomato yield ranged from 7% to 94% in response to compost, cattle and chicken manure treatments while all pit-composting significantly enhanced yield ranging from 100% to 400%; except for the shrub-pruning pit compost which decreased yield. Pit-composting is a promising strategy that can be used by especially subsistence farmers to grow crops sustainably in the presence of lower nematode pest densities.

摘要

在坑中评估了由各种植物和动物来源构成的土壤改良剂对根结线虫的影响spp. 与合成的杀线虫剂fenamiphos和未处理的对照相比，感染番茄。移栽后56天，采集土壤和根部样品进行线虫提取和计数，同时记录果实质量和果实数量，计算每个处理的平均产量。基于植物的坑堆肥处理将线虫种群密度从 43% 降低到 94%；柑橘果核堆肥是最有效的（减少高达 94% 的线虫密度）。相反，鸡粪和牛粪处理通常会导致线虫密度增加（分别高达 141% 和 159%）。堆肥、牛粪和鸡粪处理使番茄产量增加了 7% 至 94%，而所有坑堆肥显着提高了 100% 至 400% 的产量；除了降低产量的灌木修剪坑堆肥。坑式堆肥是一种很有前途的策略，尤其是自给农民可以在线虫害虫密度较低的情况下可持续地种植作物。