Abstract

Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is an emerging field for quality control of pharmaceuticals, which uses T-waves for detection. T-waves fall in between infrared and microwave radiations while possessing some of the characteristics of both. THz spectroscopy reveals its existence in between 0.1 and 10 THz. These radiations have the ability to penetrate a broad range of non-conductive materials and it is nonionizing. The first article stating the use of THz radiations was found in late 1960 for the generation of the astronomical images. This review essentially creates attention toward different forms and instrumentation of THz spectroscopy along with the updates for timely and upbeat pharmaceutical applications. The most frequently used technique is THz-TDS which has profoundly privileged applicability for the pharmaceuticals. The existing literature of THz spectroscopy further created albeit interest to explore the applications for future implementation in concern with the pharmaceuticals. The review critically outlines here all the pharmaceutical applications of THz spectroscopy including protein analyses, crystallinity studies, evaluating tablet films and coats, medicinal aging variations, and detection of illicit drugs, along with the advantages over traditional techniques. The other side of THz spectroscopy stating limitations is also studied and taken into the note to present here. This review is a genuine attempt to quote and crucially assess the possible as well as anticipated prospectives for the pharmaceuticals. The present article will further promote the awareness, opportunities, and scientific exploration of this exciting technology as THz spectroscopy.

摘要

太赫兹 (THz) 光谱是药物质量控制的新兴领域，它使用 T 波进行检测。T 波介于红外线和微波辐射之间，同时具有两者的一些特征。太赫兹光谱显示其存在于 0.1 至 10 太赫兹之间。这些辐射能够穿透广泛的非导电材料，并且是非电离的。第一篇说明使用太赫兹辐射的文章是在 1960 年后期发现的，用于生成天文图像。这篇综述基本上引起了人们对太赫兹光谱的不同形式和仪器的关注，以及及时和乐观的制药应用的更新。最常用的技术是 THz-TDS，它对药物具有极大的特权适用性。尽管太赫兹光谱的现有文献进一步引起了探索与药物有关的未来实施应用的兴趣。该评论在这里批判性地概述了太赫兹光谱的所有药物应用，包括蛋白质分析、结晶度研究、评估片剂薄膜和包衣、药物老化变化和非法药物检测，以及与传统技术相比的优势。还研究了太赫兹光谱说明局限性的另一面，并将其纳入本文的说明中。这篇评论是一次真正的尝试，以引用和批判性地评估药物的可能和预期前景。本文将进一步促进对太赫兹光谱这一激动人心的技术的认识、机遇和科学探索。