Background. We investigate possible correlations between neutron star observables and properties of atomic nuclei. In particular, we explore how the tidal deformability of a 1.4 solar mass neutron star, $M_{1.4}$, and the neutron-skin thickness of ${}^{48}$Ca and ${}^{208}$Pb are related to the stellar radius and the stiffness of the symmetry energy. Methods. We examine a large set of nuclear equations of state based on phenomenological models (Skyrme, NLWM, DDM) and ab initio theoretical methods (BBG, Dirac–Brueckner, Variational, Quantum Monte Carlo). Results: We find strong correlations between tidal deformability and NS radius, whereas a weaker correlation does exist with the stiffness of the symmetry energy. Regarding the neutron-skin thickness, weak correlations appear both with the stiffness of the symmetry energy, and the radius of a $M_{1.4}$. Our results show that whereas the considered EoS are compatible with the largest masses observed up to now, only five microscopic models and four Skyrme forces are simultaneously compatible with the present constraints on L and the PREX experimental data on the ${}^{208}$Pb neutron-skin thickness. We find that all the NLWM and DDM models and the majority of the Skyrme forces are excluded by these two experimental constraints, and that the analysis of the data collected by the NICER mission excludes most of the NLWM considered. Conclusion. The tidal deformability of a $M_{1.4}$ and the neutron-skin thickness of atomic nuclei show some degree of correlation with nuclear and astrophysical observables, which however depends on the ensemble of adopted EoS.

中文翻译：

---

核物质状态方程：从有限核到中子星

背景。我们调查中子星可观测量与原子核性质之间的可能相关性。特别是，我们探索了1.4太阳质量中子星的潮汐变形能力，${\mathrm{中号}}_{\mathrm{1个}。4}$，中子皮厚度 ${}^{48}$钙和 ${}^{208}$Pb与恒星半径和对称能量的刚度有关。方法。我们基于现象学模型（Skyrme，NLWM，DDM）和从头算的理论方法（BBG，Dirac-Brueckner，Variational，Quantum Monte Carlo）研究了大量的核状态方程。结果：我们发现潮汐可变形性与NS半径之间存在很强的相关性，而与对称能的刚度却存在较弱的相关性。关于中子皮厚度，与对称能的刚度和半径的关系都显示出弱的相关性。${\mathrm{中号}}_{\mathrm{1个}。4}$。我们的结果表明，尽管考虑的EoS与迄今为止观察到的最大质量兼容，但只有五个微观模型和四个Skyrme力同时与L上的当前约束和PREX上的PREX实验数据兼容。${}^{208}$铅中子皮厚度。我们发现，所有这两个实验约束都排除了所有NLWM和DDM模型以及大多数Skyrme部队，并且对NICER任务收集的数据进行的分析也排除了大多数考虑的NLWM。结论。潮汐变形性${\mathrm{中号}}_{\mathrm{1个}。4}$ 原子核的中子皮厚度与核和天体观测值之间存在一定程度的相关性，但这取决于所采用的EoS的集合。