Ecological intensification seeks to achieve crop yield increases by intensifying complementary or facilitative interactions between plant species or varieties. Different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) exhibit niche differentiation and show selectivity towards certain plants, which can further enhance complementarity. It is not clear whether in the presence of one AMF species, where mycelial networks connect crop species, opportunities for complementarity effects may be reduced. We grew monocultures and mixtures of maize varieties in a greenhouse with one species of AMF, Funneliformis mosseae, during two consecutive years to investigate whether under such conditions the mycorrhizal symbiosis would affect complementarity and overyielding compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. Variety mixtures showed increased phosphatase activity and mycorrhizal colonization, enhanced phosphorus uptake and overyielding when plants were mycorrhizal. There was no overyielding when plants were non-mycorrhizal. The increase in relative yield total was due to complementarity effects. Synthesis and applications. Our study implies that appropriate agricultural management that enhances mycorrhizal fungal contribution to ecosystem services may result in overyielding in terms of yield or phosphorus uptake through mixing varieties within one crop species.

中文翻译：

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与单一栽培相比，丛枝菌根共生增加了玉米品种混合物的磷吸收和生产力

生态集约化旨在通过加强植物物种或品种之间的互补或促进相互作用来实现作物产量的增加。不同种类的丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 表现出生态位分化，并对某些植物表现出选择性，这可以进一步增强互补性。目前尚不清楚是否存在一种 AMF 物种，其中菌丝网络连接作物物种，互补效应的机会可能会减少。我们连续两年在温室中种植玉米品种的单一栽培和混合物，其中包含一种 AMF，Funneliformis mosseae，以研究在这种条件下，与非菌根植物相比，菌根共生是否会影响互补性和高产。当植物为菌根时，各种混合物显示出增加的磷酸酶活性和菌根定植、增强的磷吸收和高产。当植物为非菌根时，没有超产。相对总产量的增加是由于互补效应。合成与应用。我们的研究表明，通过在一个作物物种中混合品种，增强菌根真菌对生态系统服务贡献的适当农业管理可能会导致产量或磷吸收方面的过度生产。