Abstract In this article, we discuss the pros and cons of transdisciplinary research using the results of a research project on lawns carried out in Sweden from 2013 to 2016. We viewed lawns as a complex ecological and cultural phenomenon and searched for different sustainable lawn solutions in urban areas of Sweden. Constraints on the research included the time and effort required for team members to become familiar with the different research approaches, participate in regular meetings and agree on joint methodology. Later in the project, the integration, analysis and understanding of field data, theoretical sources and practical implementation approaches were also time-consuming obstacles. Thus, the initial and final phases of the project were extremely important and demanded a lot of time and effort. Especially challenging was the cross-use of different methodologies from natural and social sciences. Such ambitious multiscale and multitask projects dealing with living urban nature and people require at least five years to complete, rather than the three years typically suggested for classical research projects. The pros of the transdisciplinary approach was its ability to incorporate results of natural and social studies into landscape design, the ability to involve stakeholders in different project activities and to disseminate the research results in practice. This research revealed that lawns are a relatively recent phenomenon that is still expanding globally. The social study component showed that mowing and creating smooth, green lawn surfaces is important to stakeholders (lawn users, planners and managers). However, in Sweden, there is a tendency for local citizens to accept more biodiverse plant communities. Working closely with open-minded stakeholders led to the real implementation of lawn alternatives, which, in turn, increased media attention. The initial concept—that management was a central factor to the whole transdisciplinary project—was confirmed. The goal of this article is to share the unique experiences and lessons learned by researchers of conducting transdisciplinary research and to make such complex research more successful.

中文翻译：

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跨学科研究的利弊：瑞典草坪及其可持续替代方案的案例研究

摘要 在本文中，我们利用 2013 年至 2016 年在瑞典开展的草坪研究项目的结果讨论跨学科研究的利弊。我们将草坪视为一种复杂的生态和文化现象，并在不同的可持续草坪解决方案中寻找不同的解决方案。瑞典的城市地区。对研究的限制包括团队成员熟悉不同的研究方法、参加定期会议和就联合方法达成一致所需的时间和精力。在项目后期，现场数据、理论来源和实际实施方法的整合、分析和理解也是耗时的障碍。因此，项目的初始和最后阶段非常重要，需要大量的时间和精力。特别具有挑战性的是交叉使用来自自然科学和社会科学的不同方法。这种雄心勃勃的多尺度和多任务项目涉及生活的城市自然和人，至少需要五年才能完成，而不是经典研究项目通常建议的三年。跨学科方法的优点是能够将自然和社会研究的结果纳入景观设计，能够让利益相关者参与不同的项目活动并在实践中传播研究结果。这项研究表明，草坪是一种相对较新的现象，仍在全球范围内扩张。社会研究部分表明，修剪和创造光滑、绿色的草坪表面对利益相关者（草坪使用者、规划者和管理者）很重要。然而，在瑞典，当地居民倾向于接受更多生物多样性的植物群落。与思想开放的利益相关者密切合作导致草坪替代方案的真正实施，这反过来又增加了媒体的关注。最初的概念——管理是整个跨学科项目的核心因素——得到了证实。本文的目的是分享研究人员在进行跨学科研究方面的独特经验和教训，并使这种复杂的研究更加成功。