In this study, an electrochemical DNA biosensor was developed using a straightforward methodology to investigate the interaction of indinavir with calf thymus double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ct-dsDNA) for the first time. The decrease in the oxidation signals of deoxyguanosine (dGuo) and deoxyadenosine (dAdo), measured by differential pulse voltammetry, upon incubation with different concentrations of indinavir can be attributed to the binding mode of indinavir to ct-dsDNA. The currents of the dGuo and dAdo peaks decreased linearly with the concentration of indinavir in the range of 1.0–10.0 μg/mL. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for indinavir were 0.29 and 0.98 μg/mL, respectively, based on the dGuo signal, and 0.23 and 0.78 μg/mL, respectively, based on the dAdo signal. To gain further insights into the interaction mechanism between indinavir and ct-dsDNA, spectroscopic measurements and molecular docking simulations were performed. The binding constant (K_b) between indinavir and ct-dsDNA was calculated to be 1.64 × 10⁸ M⁻¹, based on spectrofluorometric measurements. The obtained results can offer insights into the inhibitory activity of indinavir, which could help to broaden its applications. That is, indinavir can be used to inhibit other mechanisms and/or hallmarks of viral diseases.

在这项研究中，首次使用直接方法开发了一种电化学DNA生物传感器，以研究茚地那韦与小牛胸腺双链脱氧核糖核酸（ct-dsDNA）的相互作用。与不同浓度的茚地那韦一起孵育时，通过差分脉冲伏安法测得的脱氧鸟苷（dGuo）和脱氧腺苷（dAdo）氧化信号的降低可归因于茚地那韦与ct-dsDNA的结合方式。dGuo和dAdo峰的电流随着茚地那韦浓度在1.0–10.0μg/ mL范围内线性下降。基于dGuo信号，茚地那韦的检出限和定量限分别为0.29和0.98μg/ mL，基于dAdo信号，分别为0.23和0.78μg/ mL。为了进一步了解茚地那韦与ct-dsDNA之间的相互作用机制，进行了光谱测量和分子对接模拟。结合常数（K_b）基于荧光光谱法的计算，茚地那韦与ct-dsDNA之间的 分子量为1.64×10 ⁸ M ^-1。获得的结果可以提供对茚地那韦抑制活性的见解，这可能有助于扩大其应用。即，茚地那韦可用于抑制病毒性疾病的其他机制和/或特征。