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Vertical greenery systems: from plants to trees with self-growing interconnections
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s00107-020-01583-0
Xiuli Wang , Wolfgang Gard , Helena Borska , Bob Ursem , J. W. G. van de Kuilen

The integration of buildings into vegetation has become a necessity in many metropolitan areas of the world today. It expands the potential of vertical and horizontal, exterior and interior, exposed and enclosed spaces in a building that can be used to accommodate plants. Green infrastructures have benefits both on urban and building scales. They can be categorized into green roofs and vertical greenery systems that can be divided further into green façade, green wall, green terraces, elevated forest and vertical forest. There are many design and planting considerations for architects, structural engineers and botanists when using living architectures to mimic natural systems, such as plant characteristics and environmental conditions. Plants used for vertical greenery are more likely to be hardwood species to adjust solar radiation during cooling and heating periods, as well as for aesthetic pleasure. Take Bosco Verticale, which is located in Milan, as an example to look into engineering methods when trees grow on balconies of high-rise buildings. It can be concluded that planting restraint safety systems and regular maintenance are necessary for the tree growth in the sky. However, the change in growing conditions causes various problems such as stability and irregular growth of trees. Instead of using steel cables and cages to prevent trees from falling off in the sky, the concept of self-growing connections is proposed to act as natural bracings and provide the stability for vertical forests. This paper is meant to generate awareness of the possibilities of the vertical integration of trees into buildings, show application considerations, and inspire future developments.



中文翻译:

垂直绿化系统:从植物到具有自生互连的树木

在当今世界的许多大都市地区,将建筑物整合到植被中已成为必需。它扩大了建筑物中垂直和水平,外部和内部,裸露和封闭空间的潜力,可用于容纳植物。绿色基础设施在城市和建筑规模上都有好处。它们可以分为绿色屋顶和垂直绿化系统,可以进一步分为绿色立面,绿色墙面,绿色梯田,高架森林和垂直森林。当使用居住建筑来模仿自然系统(例如植物特征和环境条件)时,建筑师,结构工程师和植物学家有许多设计和种植方面的考虑。用于垂直绿化的植物更可能是硬木树种,可以在冷却和加热期间调节太阳辐射,并具有美感。以位于米兰的Bosco Verticale为例,研究当树木在高层建筑的阳台上生长时的工程方法。可以得出结论,种植约束性安全系统和定期维护对于天空树木的生长是必要的。然而,生长条件的变化引起各种问题,例如树木的稳定性和不规则生长。代替使用钢缆和笼子来防止树木从天上掉下来,建议使用自生连接的概念作为自然支撑,并为垂直森林提供稳定性。

更新日期:2020-08-10
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