Abstract

Chlorpyrifos and the metabolite 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) are widespread contamination of aquatic environments especially freshwater fish. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the contribution of using Ficus zero-valent iron nanoparticles supported on adsorbents (F-Fe⁰ ad) as green nanotechnology and Plantago major as phytoremediation for removing chlorpyrifos and degradation product TCP polluted water. The shapes of F-Fe⁰ were circular, with sizes from 2.46 nm to 11.49 nm. Wheat bran (WB) showed the highest extent of removal of chlorpyrifos, while Rice straw ash (RSA) showed the lowest extent of removal. F-Fe⁰ supported on adsorbents has demonstrated faster removal toward chlorpyrifos compared with tested adsorbents or F-Fe⁰. Chlorpyrifos was removed more quickly and effectively by P. major L. plus F-Fe⁰ supported on different adsorbents (nearly 100%) than that by P. major (43.76%) or F-Fe⁰ (81.69%). The degradation product TCP was more greatly accumulated in water treated with F-Fe⁰ than that P. major alone or F-Fe⁰ supported with adsorbents and combined with P. major. Furthermore, TCP significantly accumulated in P. major roots and leaves in the water treated with F-Fe⁰ supported with adsorbents plus P. major more than that in the P. major roots and leaves alone, this is attributed to the role of F-Fe⁰ adsorbents for the degradation of chlorpyrifos to TCP, Which strongly accumulated in the P. major roots and leaves. It can be concluded that the contribution of using F-Fe⁰ supported on adsorbents, especially WB as green nanotechnology and P. major as phytoremediation would be a major role for the complete removal of chlorpyrifos from the water with a significant reduction in the toxic degradation product TCP.

摘要

毒死rif和代谢产物3、5、6-三氯-2-吡啶醇（TCP）被广泛污染水生环境，尤其是淡水鱼。这项研究的目的是评估使用吸附剂（F-Fe ⁰ ad）上的榕树零价铁纳米颗粒作为绿色纳米技术，以车前草作为植物修复去除毒死rif和降解产物TCP污染水的贡献。F-Fe ⁰的形状为圆形，尺寸为2.46 nm至11.49 nm。麦麸（WB）去除毒死rif的程度最高，而稻草灰（RSA）去除率最低。铁⁰与测试的吸附剂或F-Fe ⁰相比，负载在吸附剂上的氯已证明对毒死faster的去除更快。比起P. major（43.76％）或F-Fe ⁰（81.69％），在不同吸附剂上负载的P. major L. plus F-Fe ⁰（近100％）能更快，更有效地去除毒死rif。降解产物TCP在F-Fe ⁰处理的水中比在单独的P. major或吸附剂负载的F-Fe ⁰和与P. major结合的水中积累更多。此外，在F-Fe ⁰处理的水中，TCP在主要假单胞菌根和叶中大量积累。支持与吸附剂加上大山雀更重要的是在体育大根和叶孤独，这是由于F-Fe的作用⁰吸附剂毒死蜱为TCP，在强烈积累的降解P.主要根源，树叶。可以得出结论，使用负载在吸附剂上的F-Fe ⁰，特别是WB作为绿色纳米技术和P. major作为植物修复的贡献，将是从水中完全去除毒死rif并显着减少毒性降解的主要作用。产品TCP。