α‐Mangostin‐rich extract (AME) exhibited satisfactory inhibitory activities against all tested MRSA strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 7·8–31·25 µg ml−1, whereas lawsone methyl ether (LME) and ampicillin revealed weak antibacterial activity with MICs of 62·5–125 µg ml−1. However, the combination of AME and LME showed synergistic effects against all tested MRSA strains with fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values of 0·008–0·009, while the combination of AME and ampicillin, as well as LME and ampicillin produced synergistic effects with FICIs of 0·016–0·257. A time‐kill assay against MRSA (DMST 20654 strain) revealed a 6‐log reduction in CFU per ml, which completely inhibited bacterial growth for the combinations of AME and LME, AME and ampicillin, and LME and ampicillin at a 8‐h incubation, while those against MRSA (2468 strain) were at 10‐h incubation. The combination of α‐mangostin and LME as well as the combinations of each compound with ampicillin synergized the alteration of membrane permeability. In addition, α‐mangostin, LME and ampicillin inhibited the biofilm formation of MRSA. These findings indicated that the combinations of AME and LME or each of them in combination with ampicillin had enhanced antibacterial activity against MRSA. Therefore, these compounds might be used as the antibacterial cocktails for treatment of MRSA.

中文翻译：

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富含α-山竹素提取物、劳松甲醚和氨苄青霉素的组合对抗甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的协同作用

富含α-Mangostin 的提取物 (AME) 对所有测试的 MRSA 菌株表现出令人满意的抑制活性，最低抑制浓度 (MIC) 为 7·8–31·25 µg ml-1，而劳松甲醚 (LME) 和氨苄西林显示出弱MIC 为 62·5–125 µg ml-1 的抗菌活性。然而，AME 和 LME 的组合对所有测试的 MRSA 菌株显示出协同作用，抑制浓度指数 (FICI) 值为 0·008–0·009，而 AME 和氨苄青霉素的组合以及 LME 和氨苄西林的组合产生了协同作用。 FICI 为 0·016–0·257 的影响。针对 MRSA（DMST 20654 菌株）的时间杀灭试验显示每毫升 CFU 降低 6 个对数，这完全抑制了 AME 和 LME、AME 和氨苄青霉素以及 LME 和氨苄青霉素的组合在 8 小时孵育时的细菌生长, 而针对 MRSA（2468 菌株）的那些则孵育 10 小时。α-芒果苷和 LME 的组合以及每种化合物与氨苄青霉素的组合协同改变膜通透性。此外，α-芒果素、LME 和氨苄青霉素抑制 MRSA 的生物膜形成。这些发现表明AME和LME的组合或它们中的每一个与氨苄青霉素的组合对MRSA具有增强的抗菌活性。因此，这些化合物可用作治疗 MRSA 的抗菌混合物。这些发现表明AME和LME的组合或它们中的每一个与氨苄青霉素的组合对MRSA具有增强的抗菌活性。因此，这些化合物可用作治疗 MRSA 的抗菌混合物。这些发现表明AME和LME的组合或它们中的每一个与氨苄青霉素的组合对MRSA具有增强的抗菌活性。因此，这些化合物可用作治疗 MRSA 的抗菌混合物。