Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic semi‐purified diets including control group (excluding n‐3 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid [n‐3LC PUFA]), fish oil group (FO), Schizochytrium sp.—stearin oil group (SO) and Schizochytrium sp.—wax grease oil group (WGO) (all three groups containing 0.52% n‐3LC PUFA) were prepared to feed grass carp for 56 days. Compared with the control, dietary FO, SO and WGO significantly promoted growth performance, increased the level of n‐3 LC PUFA which was preferentially deposited in polar lipids in muscle. FO, SO and WGO groups had the same effects on inhibiting the crude lipid content of whole fish, decreasing the size of adipocytes and up‐regulated mRNA expression of adipose TAG lipase (ATGL) in the adipose tissue, as well as obviously down‐regulated mRNA expression of glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) in muscle. Interestingly, the content of crude protein in muscle and whole body was increased in SO group rather than FO group compared with control, and the expression of GLDH in SO group was lower than that in FO group in muscle. These results may contribute to the effects of lipid‐lowering, protein deposition increasing and growth improvement of SO group. Overall, SO group exhibited better growth performance than FO group.

中文翻译：

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饮食裂殖壶菌的影响。油作为n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸来源对少年草鱼生长性能，脂质代谢和抗氧化状态的影响：鱼油的比较研究

四种等氮和等能量半纯化饮食，包括对照组（不包括n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸[n-3LC PUFA]），鱼油组（FO），schizochytrium sp.-硬脂油组（SO）和Schizochytriumsp.-蜡油脂油组（WGO）（三组均含0.52％n-3LC PUFA）已准备好饲喂​​草鱼56天。与对照组相比，饮食中的FO，SO和WGO显着促进了生长性能，增加了n-3 LC PUFA的水平，后者优先沉积在肌肉中的极性脂质中。FO，SO和WGO组在抑制全鱼粗脂肪含量，减少脂肪细胞大小和脂肪组织中脂肪TAG脂肪酶（ATGL）的mRNA表达上调以及明显下调方面具有相同的作用肌肉中谷氨酸脱氢酶（GLDH）的mRNA表达。有趣的是，与对照组相比，SO组而不是FO组的肌肉和全身的粗蛋白含量增加，而SO组的GLDH的表达低于FO组的肌肉。这些结果可能有助于降低SO组的脂质，降低蛋白质沉积和促进生长。总体而言，SO组的增长表现优于FO组。