Abstract Plants are constantly exposed to biotic stress factors that affect their growth, development, and productivity. This interaction involves complex molecular mechanisms of resistance, tolerance, susceptibility, and sensibility. Potato is an important crop around the world, not only as a commodity but also as crop model, so to understand its gene regulation is particularly useful. The role of Transcription Factors (TFs) in gene regulation in biotic stress response in potato was not summarized and analyzed in any previous review. In this article, an inventory of potato TFs involved in biotic defenses was retrieved. Nine (ARF, NAC, WRYK, AP2/ERF-ERF, AP2/ERF-DREB, ZFP, TCP, bZIP, and BELL) from 67 TFs families were identified as having a role in defensive responses in potato. Activation/inactivation of such TFs triggers diverse metabolic pathways allowing plants to produce defensive proteins, metabolites, plant hormones, and/or transcriptional and post transcriptional modifications. Also, in this review, the phylogeny of StARF6, StARF17, and StWRKY8 was studied. An alignment and its comparison between amino acid sequences with related and distant species were conducted. As conclusions, our findings suggest divergence by functional approaches since we found they were related to other biotic response genes as well with constitutive genes for growth and development, being necessary to investigate more about homology and orthology to define more accurately response patterns among multiple species. The regulatory mechanisms reported include regulation at the transcriptional level through growth regulators and post-transcriptional regulation through modifications that inactivate or activate the resulting protein. The overexpression and activity depend not only on the number of copies of a gene but also on the elements present in its structure and the interaction/dimerization with other proteins. Synteny studies might be further conducted in potato because most of the evidence is focused on homology between species or emphasis on other Solanaceae. Analyses of potato TFs will help to understand the evolutionary and domestication processes, as well as provide useful knowledge for potato breeding programs aiming biotic stress resistance to increase productivity.

中文翻译：

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控制马铃薯植物生物胁迫反应的转录因子

摘要 植物不断暴露于影响其生长、发育和生产力的生物胁迫因素。这种相互作用涉及抗性、耐受性、易感性和敏感性的复杂分子机制。马铃薯是世界上重要的作物，不仅作为商品，而且作为作物模型，因此了解其基因调控特别有用。转录因子（TFs）在马铃薯生物胁迫响应中基因调控中的作用没有在之前的任何综述中进行总结和分析。在本文中，检索了参与生物防御的马铃薯 TF 清单。来自 67 个 TFs 家族的 9 个（ARF、NAC、WRYK、AP2/ERF-ERF、AP2/ERF-DREB、ZFP、TCP、bZIP 和 BELL）被确定在马铃薯的防御反应中起作用。此类 TF 的激活/失活会触发多种代谢途径，使植物能够产生防御性蛋白质、代谢物、植物激素和/或转录和转录后修饰。此外，在这篇综述中，研究了 StARF6、StARF17 和 StWRKY8 的系统发育。进行了氨基酸序列与相关物种和远缘物种之间的比对及其比较。作为结论，我们的研究结果表明功能方法存在差异，因为我们发现它们与其他生物反应基因以及生长和发育的组成基因有关，有必要对同源性和直系同源性进行更多研究，以更准确地定义多个物种之间的反应模式。报道的调节机制包括通过生长调节剂在转录水平上进行调节，以及通过使所得蛋白质失活或激活的修饰进行转录后调节。过表达和活性不仅取决于基因的拷贝数，还取决于其结构中存在的元素以及与其他蛋白质的相互作用/二聚化。可能会在马铃薯中进一步进行同线性研究，因为大多数证据都集中在物种之间的同源性或强调其他茄科。对马铃薯 TF 的分析将有助于了解进化和驯化过程，并为旨在通过生物胁迫抗性提高生产力的马铃薯育种计划提供有用的知识。