Abstract Amik Lake or, historically, Lake of Antioch, was a large freshwater body in the lower Orontes River basin (Hatay Province, Turkey) that was drained in the 1940s-1970s. Several endemic animal species were described from this lake, including the freshwater mussel Anodonta pseudodopsis Locard, 1883 (Bivalvia: Unionidae) characterized by a large rounded shell covered by a peculiar yellow or yellowish-brown periostracum. Molecular analyses of topotypes of this nominal taxon collected from the former lake’s tributaries in the Amik Plain indicate that it is an intra-specific lineage of the widespread Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758) based on the mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA, and the nuclear 28S rRNA gene fragments. Geometric morphometric analyses using the lectotype and topotypes of Anodonta pseudodopsis support our DNA-based hypothesis on the status of this nominal taxon. A new synonymy is provided as follows: Anodonta anatina = Anodonta pseudodopsis syn. nov. The syntype of Anodonta pseudodopsis SMF 5129 “See von Antiochia” (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Germany) is designated here to be the lectotype of this nominal taxon. Finally, we conclude that Anodonta anatina range covers the Orontes River basin in Turkey and Syria and the Nahr al-Kabir al-Shamali River in the Latakia Governorate of Syria. This intraspecific lineage of Anodonta anatina and other freshwater mussels of the Middle East are highly threatened due to multiple anthropogenic impacts and must be a focus of international conservation efforts. The Karasu River in eastern Turkey hosts viable populations of all freshwater mussel species of the Orontes’s fauna and can be considered one of the most important water bodies for the conservation of these imperiled animals in the region.

中文翻译：

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来自土耳其和叙利亚奥龙特斯河流域的地方性淡水贻贝物种代表了鸭贻贝的种内谱系：对保护的影响

摘要 Amik 湖或历史上的安条克湖是奥龙特斯河流域下游（土耳其哈泰省）的一个大型淡水水体，在 1940 年代至 1970 年代被排干。从这个湖中描述了几种地方性动物物种，包括淡水贻贝 Anodonta pseudodopsis Locard，1883（双壳类：Unionidae），其特征是一个巨大的圆形外壳，上面覆盖着奇特的黄色或黄棕色骨膜。对从阿米克平原前湖支流收集的这种名义分类群的拓扑型的分子分析表明，它是基于线粒体 COI 和 16S rRNA 以及核 28S 的广泛分布的 Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758) 的种内谱系rRNA 基因片段。使用 Anodonta pseudodopsis 的选型和拓扑型进行的几何形态测量分析支持我们关于这一名义分类群状态的基于 DNA 的假设。提供了一个新的同义词如下：Anodonta anatina = Anodonta pseudodopsis syn。十一月 Anodonta pseudodopsis SMF 5129“See von Antiochia”（德国法兰克福森肯伯格研究所和自然历史博物馆）的同型在这里被指定为这个名义分类群的选型。最后，我们得出结论，Anodonta anatina 范围涵盖土耳其和叙利亚的奥龙特斯河流域以及叙利亚拉塔基亚省的 Nahr al-Kabir al-Shamali 河。由于多种人为影响，Anodonta anatina 和中东其他淡水贻贝的这种种内谱系受到高度威胁，必须成为国际保护工作的重点。