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Constraining the links between the Himalayan belt and the Central Myanmar Basins during the Cenozoic: An integrated multi-proxy detrital geochronology and trace-element geochemistry study
Geoscience Frontiers ( IF 8.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.gsf.2020.05.024
F. Arboit , M. Min , D. Chew , A. Mitchell , K. Drost , E. Badenszki , J.S. Daly

Geological and tectonic analysis of the Eastern Himalayan basins has given rise to a decade-long debate on the geodynamic evolution of the Burmese terrane and on the extent of reorganization of the main SE Asia drainage systems. However, the influence of the Himalayan belt on the Central Myanmar Basin (CMB) system remains poorly documented, although it is key to providing more accurate models for the evolution of the Himalayan-Burmese orogen. In this contribution, we present geochronological, isotopic and geochemical analysis from 2500 zircon, 1700 titanite, 700 rutile and 850 apatite detrital grains from fifteen Cenozoic siliciclastic samples and one Cretaceous igneous rock. The samples were collected within the fore- and back-arc basins of the Central Myanmar Basin domain (CMB) to constrain the provenance, maximum depositional ages, and depositional environments of the west Burma terrane. Nine key lithological units, the Sadwingyi, Ketpanda, Wabo Chaung, Gwegon, Minwun, Padaung, Okmintaung and Irrawaddy formations have detrital age spectra spanning from the Miocene to Paleoarchean. The entire data set has common age peaks at ca. 20, 40, 60, 90, 100 ​Ma, with about 80% of the U–Pb ages younger than ca. 140 Ma and only ca. 1% of the grains predating ca. 3.0 ​Ga.

Our results shed light on the current ambiguities on the transport pathways of Himalayan detritus in the CMB. They show that the fore-arc basin was open to the trench and fed by the unroofing of both the Wuntho Popa volcanic arc to the east and possibly from the Burmese basement and/or from Himalayan-derived Bengal Fan detritus to the west during the Eocene, from at least ca. 44 Ma to before ca. 39 Ma. We show that the west Burma Terrane was partitioned into pull-apart basins such as the Minwun Basin, which during the Oligocene recorded the first evidence of a new source contribution into the CMB at ca. 27 Ma. This new source is characterized by detritus highly compatible with the SE Asia basement rocks, which we suggest corresponds to the initiation of the palaeo–Irrawaddy River. This geodynamic evolution does not require any Yarlung Tsangpo-Irrawaddy-Brahmaputra paleodrainage reorganization, since from the Oligocene to the Early Miocene, the Irrawaddy River fed an internally drained basin, and from the Late Miocene onwards, the Yarlung drained into the Brahmaputra in the Bengal Basin.



中文翻译:

限制新生代喜马拉雅带与缅甸中部盆地之间的联系:综合多代理碎屑年代学和微量元素地球化学研究

东部喜马拉雅盆地的地质和构造分析引起了长达十年之久的关于缅甸地层的地球动力学演化以及东南亚主要排水系统重组程度的争论。然而,尽管喜马拉雅带对缅甸中部盆地(CMB)系统的影响仍然很少,但它是为喜马拉雅-缅甸造山带演化提供更准确模型的关键。在这项贡献中,我们对15个新生代硅质碎屑样品和1个白垩纪火成岩样品中的2500个锆石,1700个钛矿,700个金红石和850个磷灰石碎屑进行了地质,同位素和地球化学分析。样品收集在缅甸中部盆地域(CMB)的前弧和后弧盆地内,以限制物源,最大沉积年龄,和西部缅甸地形的沉积环境。九个主要的岩性单位,即萨德温吉,凯特潘达,瓦布昌,高戈恩,民旺,帕丹,奥克明通和伊洛瓦底江地层,其碎屑年龄分布范围从中新世到古新纪。整个数据集的共同年龄峰值约为。20、40、60、90、100 Ma,其中约80%的U-Pb年龄小于ca。140 Ma,只有大约 1%的谷物早于ca. 3.0 Ga。

我们的结果揭示了目前CMB中喜马拉雅碎屑运输途径的歧义。他们表明,前弧盆地向海沟开放,并由始新世的Wuntho Popa火山弧向屋顶以及东部可能从缅甸地下室和/或从喜马拉雅派生的孟加拉扇碎屑向西部展开提供屋顶,至少来自。大约在44 Ma之前。39马。我们显示缅甸西部的Terrane被划分为拉开的盆地,例如民文盆地,在渐新世记录下,第一个证据表明新的来源贡献给了CMB。27马。这种新来源的特征是与东南亚基底岩高度相容的碎屑,我们认为这对应于古伊拉瓦底江的形成。

更新日期:2020-08-09
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