Secretome represents a main target for understanding the mechanisms of fungal adaptation. In the present study, we focus on the secretomes of fungi associated with infections in humans and other mammals in order to explore relationships between the diverse morphological and phylogenetic groups. Almost all the mammalian pathogenic fungi analyzed have secretome sizes smaller than 1000 proteins and, secreted proteins comprise between 5% and 10% of the total proteome. As expected, the correlation pattern between the secretome size and the total proteome was similar to that described in previous secretome studies of fungi. With regard to the morphological groups, minimum secretome sizes of less than 250 secreted proteins and low values for the fraction of secreted proteins are shown in mammalian pathogenic fungi with reduced proteomes such as microsporidia, atypical fungi and some species of yeasts and yeast-like fungi (Malassezia). On the other hand, filamentous fungi have significantly more secreted proteins and the highest numbers are present in species of filamentous fungi that also are plant or insect pathogens (Fusarium verticilloides, Fusarium oxysporum and Basidiobolus meristosporus). With respect to phylogeny, there are also variations in secretome size across fungal subphyla: Microsporidia, Taphrinomycotina, Ustilagomycotina and Saccharomycotina contain small secretomes; whereas larger secretomes are found in Agaricomycotina, Pezizomycotina, Mucoromycotina and Entomophthoromycotina. Finally, principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted on the complete secretomes. The PCA results revealed that, in general, secretomes of fungi belonging to the same morphological group or subphyla cluster together. In conclusion, our results point out that in medically important fungi there is a relationship between the secretome and the morphological group or phylogenetic classification.

中文翻译：

---

医学上重要真菌的分泌组反映了形态和系统发育的多样性

分泌组是理解真菌适应机制的主要目标。在本研究中，我们专注于与人类和其他哺乳动物感染相关的真菌分泌组，以探索不同形态和系统发育群体之间的关系。几乎所有分析的哺乳动物病原真菌的分泌蛋白组大小都小于 1000 个蛋白质，并且分泌的蛋白质占总蛋白质组的 5% 到 10%。正如预期的那样，分泌组大小和总蛋白质组之间的相关模式与之前真菌分泌组研究中描述的相似。关于形态群，在蛋白质组减少的哺乳动物病原真菌中，例如微孢子虫、非典型真菌和某些酵母菌和酵母样真菌（马拉色菌）中显示出的最小分泌蛋白组大小小于 250 个分泌蛋白，并且分泌蛋白的比例较低。另一方面，丝状真菌具有明显更多的分泌蛋白质，并且数量最多的丝状真菌物种也是植物或昆虫病原体（轮枝镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌和分生孢子菌）。在系统发育方面，真菌亚门的分泌组大小也存在差异：微孢子虫、绦虫、黑粉菌和酵母菌包含小的分泌组；而较大的分泌组存在于伞菌属、Pezizomycotina、毛霉菌属和虫媒菌属中。最后，对完整的分泌组进行主成分分析（PCA）。PCA 结果显示，一般而言，属于同一形态组或亚门的真菌的分泌组聚集在一起。总之，我们的结果指出，在医学上重要的真菌中，分泌组与形态组或系统发育分类之间存在关系。