Abstract The morphological study of geological hand samples has a wide variety of applications in the geosciences, which is conventionally accomplished by measuring the distance between features of interest on the sample's surface. Close-range three-dimensional (3D) laser scanners provide an opportunity to study the form and shape of geological samples in a digital environment and have been increasingly utilized in fields such as paleontology, rock mechanics, and sedimentology, with some uptake in planetary sciences and structural geology. For paleontological studies, primary applications are in quantitative analysis of fossil morphology and integration into 3D animated models for understanding species movements. In the field of rock mechanics, typical uses of 3D digital geological hand sample models include quantifying joint roughness coefficient (JRC), determining the surface roughness of rock samples, and assessing morphological changes over time due to processes such as weathering. In the field of sedimentology, such models are incorporated to characterize the shape of sediment particles and to calculate key parameters such as bulk density. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of established literature that includes substantial use of digital geological hand samples acquired from 3D close-range (

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地质手样本近距离三维激光扫描研究进展

摘要 地质手样本的形态学研究在地球科学中有着广泛的应用，通常通过测量样本表面感兴趣特征之间的距离来完成。近距离三维 (3D) 激光扫描仪提供了在数字环境中研究地质样本形式和形状的机会，并且越来越多地用于古生物学、岩石力学和沉积学等领域，并在行星科学中有所应用和构造地质学。对于古生物学研究，主要应用是化石形态的定量分析和整合到 3D 动画模型中以了解物种运动。在岩石力学领域，3D 数字地质手样本模型的典型用途包括量化接头粗糙度系数 (JRC)、确定岩石样本的表面粗糙度以及评估由于风化等过程随时间推移的形态变化。在沉积学领域，这些模型被纳入以表征沉积物颗粒的形状并计算关键参数，例如体积密度。本文旨在对既定文献进行全面回顾，其中包括大量使用从 3D 近距离采集的数字地质手样本（这些模型被纳入以表征沉积物颗粒的形状并计算关键参数，例如体积密度。本文旨在对现有文献进行全面回顾，其中包括大量使用从 3D 近距离采集的数字地质手样本（这些模型被纳入以表征沉积物颗粒的形状并计算关键参数，例如体积密度。本文旨在对既定文献进行全面回顾，其中包括大量使用从 3D 近距离采集的数字地质手样本（