Abstract

The article describes the vegetation cover that formed at three crash sites of launch vehicles fueled by toxic unsymmetric dimethylhydrazine 4–12 years after the accident. A launch-vehicle crash is accompanied by chemical, mechanical, and thermal (or pyrogenic) effects on the vegetation cover that extend out from the impact site to different distances, thereby forming characteristic, technogenically disturbed areas. The vegetation cover at the three 2006–2013 crash sites of launch vehicles are characterized by geobotanical descriptions that were performed in plots located at different distances from the center of the impact site. A self-restoration feature of the vegetation cover at the studied crash sites is the formation of an annual saltwort community (Climacoptera lanata, Salsola laricina, S. paulsenii, etc.) with a relatively high projective cover on the site of the former impact funnel due to soil subsidence and surface-runoff redistribution. The original vegetation regenerates with distance from the center of the impact site: the proportion of annual plants decreases, while the total projective cover and floristic saturation of the communities increases. According to the most optimistic forecasts, the period of self-restoration of phytocenoses without biological reclamation can be no less than 15 years.

中文翻译：

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哈萨克斯坦共和国运载火箭坠毁地点的沙漠植物群落状况

摘要

这篇文章描述了事故发生后4至12年间，在有毒不对称二甲基肼为燃料的运载火箭的三个碰撞点形成的植被覆盖物。运载火箭的坠毁伴随着对植被覆盖物的化学，机械和热（或热解）影响，这些影响从撞击点延伸到不同的距离，从而形成了特征性的，技术上受干扰的区域。2006年至2013年这三个运载火箭坠毁地点的植被覆盖物以地质植物学描述为特征，这些描述是在距撞击地点中心不同距离的地块中进行的。在研究的坠毁现场，植被覆盖物的自我恢复特征是形成了一年生的咸水草群落（Climacoptera lanata，Salsola laricina（S. paulsenii等），由于土壤下沉和地表径流的重新分配，在前冲击漏斗的位置具有较高的投影覆盖。原始植被随着距撞击点中心的距离的增加而再生：一年生植物的比例减少，而群落的总投影覆盖度和植物区系饱和度则增加。根据最乐观的预测，未经生物围垦的植物素的自我恢复期可能不少于15年。