We combine the results of a radiocarbon (14C) dating program with archaeogenetic, osteological and sparse stratigraphic data, to construct a Bayesian chronological model for a multi-generational sequence situated entirely on a plateau in the 14C calibration curve. Calibrated dates of individual human bones from the Late Neolithic gallery grave at Niedertiefenbach, Hesse, Germany, span the entire calibration plateau in the late 4th millennium (ca. 3350–3100/3000 cal BC), but our model restricts the overall period of burial to 3–6 generations centered on the later 3200s, and provides narrower absolute date ranges for specific individuals and associated events. We confirm the accuracy and robustness of this model by sensitivity tests of each of its components. Beyond providing a more dynamic narrative for the formation of the heterogenous burial population at Niedertiefenbach, our results show that calibration plateaus are suitable periods for Bayesian chronological modeling of even relatively brief sequences, provided that all the information employed is correct. Prior information constraining both the order of events, and of potential date differences between them, is essential for the model to give accurate, unimodal estimates of the dates of these events.

中文翻译：

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校准高原上的高精度贝叶斯年代模型：尼德蒂芬巴赫画廊墓地

我们结合了放射性碳（14C) 使用考古学、骨学和稀疏地层数据的测年程序，为完全位于高原上的多代序列构建贝叶斯年代模型14C 校准曲线。来自德国黑森州 Niedertiefenbach 的新石器时代晚期画廊坟墓的单个人骨的校准日期跨越了第四个千年后期（约公元前 3350-3100/3000 cal）的整个校准高原，但我们的模型限制了整个埋葬时间到以 3200 年代后期为中心的 3-6 代，并为特定个人和相关事件提供更窄的绝对日期范围。我们通过对其每个组件的敏感性测试来确认该模型的准确性和稳健性。除了为 Niedertiefenbach 的异质埋葬人口的形成提供更动态的叙述之外，我们的结果表明，只要所使用的所有信息都是正确的，校准高原是即使是相对简短的序列的贝叶斯时间顺序建模的合适时期。