This pot experiment was carried out to investigate the efficiency of plant rhizospheric microorganisms (PRMs) to counteract salinity stress in Plantago ovata. The treatments included soil salinity (2.5 (as control), 5 and 10 dS m⁻¹), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Control, Glomus mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices and Funneliformis mosseae) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Control and Pseudomonas fluorescens). The highest amount of growth and yield parameters, relative water content (RWC), potassium (K⁺) and phosphorus (P) concentration, photosynthetic traits (chlorophyll a and b, carotenoid, maximal efficiency of PSII (fv/fm), variable fluorescence to initial fluorescence (fv/f₀) and stomatal conductance (g_s)), antioxidant enzymes and the lowest sodium (Na⁺) concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage were observed in the plants treated with mixture of Rhizophagus intraradices and Pseudomonas fluorescens under all salinity levels. Although all previously mentioned traits significantly and severely decreased under salinity stress, mucilage percentage, electrolyte leakage and Na⁺ concentration were increased under salinity levels. In conclusion, the results suggested that inoculation of AMF (particularly Rhizophagus intraradices) in combination with Pseudomonas fluorescens by the accumulation of proline along with decreased electrolyte leakage, maintenance of relative water content in leaves and selective uptake of K⁺ ions could overcome detrimental effects of salinity stress in isabgol.

Abbreviations

AMF: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; APX: ascorbate peroxidase; CAT: catalase; Chl: chlorophyll; CAR: carotenoids; ECe: electrical conductivity of soil saturation extract; EL: Electrolyte leakage; Fv/Fm: maximal efficiency of PSII; gs: stomatal conductance; Fv/F₀: variable fluorescence to initial fluorescence; K⁺: potassium; MDA: malondialdehyde; Na⁺: Sodium; PGPR: plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria; P: phosphorus; PRM: plant rhizospheric microorganisms; PSB: phosphate solubilizing bacteria; RWC: relative water content; SOD: superoxide dismutase

中文翻译：

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根际微生物在减轻盐分胁迫对车前子生长，生化和光合特性的不利影响中的作用

进行该盆栽实验以研究植物根际微生物（PRM）对抗车前子的盐分胁迫的效率。处理包括土壤盐分（2.5（作为对照），5和10 dS m ^-1），丛枝菌根真菌（对照，Glomus mosseae，内生根瘤菌和Funneliformis mosseae）和磷酸盐增溶细菌（对照和荧光假单胞菌）。最高的生长量和产量参数，相对含水量（RWC），钾（K ⁺）和磷（P）浓度，光合特性（叶绿素a和b，类胡萝卜素，PSII的最大效率（fv / fm），可变荧光至初始荧光（fv / f ₀）和气孔电导（g _s）），抗氧化酶和最低钠（Na ⁺）浓度，丙二醛（MDA）和在所有盐度水平下，用内生根瘤菌和荧光假单胞菌的混合物处理的植物中均观察到电解质泄漏。尽管在盐分胁迫下所有上述特征显着并严重降低，但在盐分水平下，黏液百分比，电解质渗漏和Na ⁺浓度增加。总之，结果表明接种AMF（尤其是根瘤菌根内））与荧光假单胞菌（Pseudomonas fluorescens）结合，通过脯氨酸的积累以及减少电解质的泄漏，维持叶片中的相对水分含量和选择性地吸收K ⁺离子，可以克服伊萨鲍尔盐分胁迫的不利影响。

缩略语

AMF：丛枝菌根真菌；APX：抗坏血酸过氧化物酶；CAT：过氧化氢酶；Chl：叶绿素；CAR：类胡萝卜素；ECe：土壤饱和提取物的电导率；EL：电解液泄漏；Fv / Fm：PSII的最大效率；g s：气孔导度；Fv / F ₀：可变荧光至初始荧光；K ⁺：钾；MDA：丙二醛；Na ⁺：钠；PGPR：促进植物生长的根际细菌；P：磷；PRM：植物根际微生物；PSB：磷酸盐增溶细菌；RWC：相对含水量；SOD：超氧化物歧化酶