Detailed knowledge about plant chemical constituents and their distributions from organ level to sub-cellular level is of critical interest to basic and applied sciences. Spectral imaging techniques offer unparalleled advantages in that regard. The core advantage of these technologies is that they acquire spatially distributed semi-quantitative information of high specificity towards chemical constituents of plants. This forms invaluable asset in the studies on plant biochemical and structural features. In certain applications, non-invasive analysis is possible. The information harvested through spectral imaging can be used for exploration of plant biochemistry, physiology, metabolism, classification, and phenotyping among others, with significant gains for basic and applied research. This article aims to present a general perspective about vibrational spectral imaging/micro-spectroscopy in the context of plant research. Within the scope of this review are infrared (IR), near-infrared (NIR) and Raman imaging techniques. To better expose the potential and limitations of these techniques, fluorescence imaging is briefly overviewed as a method relatively less flexible but particularly powerful for the investigation of photosynthesis. Included is a brief introduction to the physical, instrumental, and data-analytical background essential for the applications of imaging techniques. The applications are discussed on the basis of recent literature.

关于植物化学成分及其从器官水平到亚细胞水平的分布的详细知识对基础科学和应用科学至关重要。光谱成像技术在这方面提供了无与伦比的优势。这些技术的核心优势在于它们获得了对植物化学成分具有高度特异性的空间分布的半定量信息。这在植物生化和结构特征的研究中形成了宝贵的资产。在某些应用中，非侵入性分析是可能的。通过光谱成像收集的信息可用于探索植物生物化学、生理学、代谢、分类和表型等，为基础和应用研究带来重大收益。本文旨在在植物研究的背景下提出关于振动光谱成像/微光谱的一般观点。本综述的范围包括红外 (IR)、近红外 (NIR) 和拉曼成像技术。为了更好地揭示这些技术的潜力和局限性，简要概述了荧光成像作为一种相对不太灵活但对光合作用研究特别有效的方法。其中包括对成像技术应用必不可少的物理、仪器和数据分析背景的简要介绍。在最近的文献的基础上讨论了这些应用。为了更好地揭示这些技术的潜力和局限性，我们简要概述了荧光成像作为一种相对不太灵活但对光合作用研究特别有效的方法。其中包括对成像技术应用必不可少的物理、仪器和数据分析背景的简要介绍。在最近的文献的基础上讨论了这些应用。为了更好地揭示这些技术的潜力和局限性，我们简要概述了荧光成像作为一种相对不太灵活但对光合作用研究特别有效的方法。其中包括对成像技术应用必不可少的物理、仪器和数据分析背景的简要介绍。在最近的文献的基础上讨论了这些应用。