High-fat diet (HFD) leads to enhancement in various parameters of mice like weight, fasting glucose levels, adipose tissue, and also the liver weight in male C57 BL/6 J mice. Additionally, high-fat diet causes severe liver damage with significant increase in the level of aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT). The variations in microbiota induced by different diet were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq platform with sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, and QIIME pipeline was used. The population of Proteobacteria was found to be higher in HFD cecum sample as compared to other treatments. Microbiota analysis suggests that phylum Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were found to be higher in high-fat diet groups as compared to mice fed with normal diet (ND). At the genus level, Bacteroides showed higher population in HFD diet. Bacterial strains belonging to Enterobacteriaceae like Escherichia, Klebsiella, and Shigella were also dominant in HFD treatments. Furthermore, we explored the effects of ethanol production in vitro with supplementation of dietary fibers following inoculation of ND and HFD microbiotas. HFD microbiota of cecum and feces showed high level (P < 0.05) of ethanol production with 2% fructooligosaccharide (FOS) as compared to 2% galactomannan. Microbial fermentation also generated short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate. High levels (P < 0.05) of propionate were found after fermentation of FOS with HFD cecum and feces microbiota. The present study highlights the HFD-induced population of phylum Proteobacteria and genus Bacteroides for ethanol production using FOS as a dietary supplement, and these findings may imply on the harmful effect of HFD even at the microbiota level.

高脂饮食（HFD）导致雄性C57 BL / 6 J小鼠体重，空腹血糖水平，脂肪组织以及肝脏重量的各种参数增加。此外，高脂饮食会导致严重的肝脏损害，其中天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）的水平显着增加。利用Illumina MiSeq平台对16S核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因进行测序，分析了不同饮食引起的微生物群变化，并使用了QIIME管线。发现HFD盲肠样品中的变形杆菌菌群高于其他治疗。微生物群分析表明，与高脂饮食组相比，高脂饮食组中的门菌属和硬生菌门菌高。在属上拟杆菌属显示HFD饮食中的人群较高。属于细菌菌株肠杆菌科 喜欢 大肠埃希菌和 志贺氏菌在HFD治疗中也占主导地位。此外，我们探讨了乙醇生产的影响体外接种ND和HFD菌群后补充膳食纤维。盲肠和粪便的HFD菌群显示高水平（P与2％半乳甘露聚糖相比，含2％低聚果糖（FOS）的乙醇生产量<0.05）。微生物发酵还产生了短链脂肪酸（SCFA），例如乙酸盐，丙酸盐和丁酸盐。高水平（PFOS与HFD盲肠和粪便菌群发酵后，发现丙酸根含量小于0.05。本研究强调了HFD诱导的门菌属和属的种群拟杆菌属 用FOS作为膳食补充剂生产乙醇，这些发现可能暗示即使在微生物群水平上，HFD的有害作用。