Although gut microbiota has been suggested to play a role in disease phenotypes of Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), little is known about its composition in affected children and how it relates to hyperphagia. This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the gut bacterial and fungal communities of children with PWS, and to determine associations with hyperphagia. Fecal samples were collected from 25 children with PWS and 25 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched controls. Dietary intake data, hyperphagia scores, and relevant clinical information were also obtained. Fecal bacterial and fungal communities were characterized by 16S rRNA and ITS2 sequencing, respectively. Overall bacterial α-diversity and compositions of PWS were not different from those of the controls, but 13 bacterial genera were identified to be differentially abundant. Interestingly, the fungal community, as well as specific genera, were different between PWS and controls. The majority of the variation in the gut microbiota was not attributed to differences in dietary intake or the impact of genotype. Hyperphagia scores were associated with fungal α-diversity and relative abundance of several taxa, such as Staphylococcus, Clostridium, SMB53, and Candida. Further longitudinal studies correlating changes in the microbiome with the degree of hyperphagia and studies integrating multi-omics data are warranted.

中文翻译：

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Prader-Willi 综合征患儿的肠道微生物群特征

尽管有人认为肠道微生物群在普拉德-威利综合征 (PWS) 的疾病表型中起作用，但对其在受影响儿童中的组成及其与食欲过盛的关系知之甚少。这项横断面研究旨在表征 PWS 儿童的肠道细菌和真菌群落，并确定与食欲过盛的关联。从 25 名患有 PWS 的儿童和 25 名年龄、性别和体重指数匹配的对照中收集粪便样本。还获得了膳食摄入数据、食欲过盛评分和相关临床信息。粪便细菌和真菌群落的特征分别是 16S rRNA 和 ITS2 测序。PWS 的总体细菌 α 多样性和组成与对照组没有什么不同，但确定了 13 个细菌属的差异丰富。有趣的是，真菌群落以及特定属在 PWS 和对照之间是不同的。肠道微生物群的大部分变化不是由于饮食摄入的差异或基因型的影响。食欲过盛评分与真菌α-多样性和几种分类群的相对丰度有关，例如葡萄球菌、梭状芽孢杆菌、SMB53 和念珠菌。进一步的纵向研究将微生物组的变化与食欲过盛的程度相关联，以及整合多组学数据的研究是有必要的。食欲过盛评分与真菌α-多样性和几种分类群的相对丰度有关，例如葡萄球菌、梭状芽孢杆菌、SMB53 和念珠菌。进一步的纵向研究将微生物组的变化与食欲过盛的程度相关联，以及整合多组学数据的研究是有必要的。食欲过盛评分与真菌α-多样性和几种分类群的相对丰度有关，例如葡萄球菌、梭状芽孢杆菌、SMB53 和念珠菌。进一步的纵向研究将微生物组的变化与食欲过盛的程度相关联，以及整合多组学数据的研究是有必要的。