Abstract This work reports on readily available and low cost acorus calamus rhizome (PCR) treated by hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions to develop new materials labelled acid treated calamus rhizome (ACR) and base treated calamus rhizome (BCR) respectively. The materials were used as adsorbents for the removal of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) ions. The characterization revealed that surface area for PCR at 5.78 cm2/g was low. However, ACR and BCR surface area increased to 9.98 and 11.65 cm2/g respectively. The maximum uptake for Cr(VI) ions was 14.64, 21.93, 24.48 mg/g at pH = 1 and Pb(II) ions 74.32, 76.12, 88.08 mg/g at pH = 8.5 onto PCR, ACR and BCR respectively. Isotherm data showed that Langmuir better fitted the adsorption processes. It was observed that the removal rate of Pb(II) was more rapid than for Cr(VI) ions. The adsorption processes for Cr(VI) ions was better described by pseudo-second order while Pb(II) was described by pseudo-first order. The uptake of both metal ions increased when temperature of the solution was increased indicating that the nature of the adsorption was endothermic. Reusability studies revealed that the adsorbents may be regenerated and reused several times and this shows the economic benefits of the materials.

中文翻译：

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菖蒲改良根茎去除水溶液中有毒六价铬（Cr（VI））和二价铅（Pb（II））离子

摘要 这项工作报告了用盐酸 (HCl) 和氢氧化钠 (NaOH) 溶液处理菖蒲根茎 (PCR) 以开发标记为酸处理菖蒲根茎 (ACR) 和碱处理菖蒲根茎 (BCR) 的新材料的现成且低成本的菖蒲根茎 (PCR)。分别。该材料用作吸附剂以去除 Cr(VI) 和 Pb(II) 离子。表征表明，5.78 cm2/g 的 PCR 表面积很低。然而，ACR 和 BCR 表面积分别增加到 9.98 和 11.65 cm2/g。Cr(VI) 离子的最大吸收在 pH = 1 时分别为 14.64、21.93、24.48 mg/g 和 Pb(II) 离子在 pH = 8.5 时分别为 74.32、76.12、88.08 mg/g，分别用于 PCR、ACR 和 BCR。等温线数据表明朗缪尔更适合吸附过程。据观察，Pb(II) 的去除速度比 Cr(VI) 离子的去除速度更快。Cr(VI) 离子的吸附过程最好用伪二级描述，而 Pb(II) 用伪一级描述。当溶液温度升高时，两种金属离子的吸收增加，表明吸附的性质是吸热的。可重复使用性研究表明，吸附剂可以再生和重复使用多次，这显示了材料的经济效益。