Abstract Understanding the variability of depositional environment and depositional processes of the Late Permian Kuishan Member, North China Craton, is crucial for unraveling the evolution of sedimentary basin and epicontinental sea in Shandong tectonic domain. The Kuishan Member in the Eastern Block of the North China Craton, formed in association with general regression of an epicontinental sea, is composed of abundant volcanic deposits and nearshore sedimentary deposits. Three lithofacies assemblages together with eleven lithofacies are identified in the study area, including volcanic deposits of the turbidity lithofacies assemblage, epiclastic deposits of the nearshore lithofacies assemblage, and mixed volcaniclastic and epiclastic sedimentary deposits of the terrestrial lithofacies assemblage. These alternating volcanic-epiclastic lithofacies assemblages illustrate the depositional environments induced by volcanic activities and nearshore wave influence. Syn-eruptive lithofacies, in the shallow water area, were formed by high density turbidity currents and ash fall into water introduced by rising sea levels and high rainfall due to volcanic eruptions to the north, whereas thin-bedded shallow marine silty mud developed in the distal area. Inter-eruptive lithofacies were represented by tuffaceous mudstone deposited in an exposed and oxidized setting due to falling sea level, whereas epiclastic nearshore deposits accumulated by wave or current flow regimes. Paleocurrent measurements show that the predominant regression direction changes from uniform southwest to divergent southwest and southeast during volcanic inter-eruptive periods. The Kuishan succession therefore can be regarded as a volcano-related sequence, in which the input of volcaniclastic and epiclastic deposits were significantly modulated by controls of volcanism, with frequently changing coastline position of the epicontinental sea and alternating depositional environments.

中文翻译：

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华北克拉通东块晚二叠世奎山段火山、陆源和海相过程的沉积特征及相互作用

摘要 了解华北克拉通晚二叠世奎山段沉积环境和沉积过程的变异性，对于揭示山东构造域沉积盆地和陆表海演化具有重要意义。华北克拉通东部地块奎山段伴随陆缘海的全面海退而形成，由丰富的火山沉积物和近岸沉积物组成。研究区共识别出3种岩相组合和11种岩相，包括混浊岩相组合火山沉积、近岸岩相组合外碎屑沉积、陆相岩相组合火山碎屑与外碎屑混合沉积沉积。这些交替的火山-外碎屑岩相组合说明了火山活动和近岸波浪影响引起的沉积环境。浅水区的同喷岩相是由高密度浊流和灰烬落入水中形成的，这是由于北部火山爆发引起的海平面上升和高降雨量带来的，而薄层浅层海相粉砂质泥在浅水区发育。远端区域。由于海平面下降，在暴露和氧化环境中沉积的凝灰质泥岩代表了喷发间岩相，而由波浪或电流流态积累的外碎屑近岸沉积物。古水流测量表明，在火山间歇期，主要的海退方向从均匀的西南向发散的西南和东南变化。