Abstract In order to find out about and discuss the peopling of the Americas, there is evidence that comes from a range of scientific disciplines. In archaeology, stone tool vestiges are one of the main pieces of evidence used for assessing the knowledge and understanding of this topic. One of the most iconic lithic remains from the South American Paleoindian record is the so-called Fishtail, or just “Fell” projectile point, a distinctive artifact that stands out due to its wide distribution from southern Mexico to southernmost South America. Different hypotheses have been proposed regarding its origin, mainly related to Paleoindian points from North America. In order to discuss this issue, special attention has been paid among the existing varieties to a group distributed throughout eastern North America, mainly in states with a shoreline on the Gulf of Mexico. This group stands out, because with their narrow or broader blades, their lower portions typically have deeply indented concave edges, forming flaring rounded or pointed ears with fluted and unfluted bases which are reminiscent of the Fishtail. By comparing them from a morphological and technological viewpoint, and because of the observed similarities between North and South American fishtailed points, the hypothesis in this paper proposes that South American Fell points are related to similar ones from eastern North America. A model of the possible route/s followed by the waves of colonizers who peopled northern South America and the lands beyond the equator in the southern hemisphere is also proposed.

中文翻译：

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美洲鱼尾弹点：对南美洲北部及其他地区人口的评论和假设

摘要 为了了解和讨论美洲人口，有来自一系列科学学科的证据。在考古学中，石器遗迹是用于评估对该主题的知识和理解的主要证据之一。南美古印第安人记录中最具标志性的石器遗迹之一是所谓的鱼尾，或简称为“落下”弹丸点，这是一种独特的人工制品，因其从墨西哥南部到南美洲最南部的广泛分布而引人注目。关于它的起源已经提出了不同的假设，主要与来自北美的古印度点有关。为了讨论这个问题，在现有品种中特别关注了分布于整个北美东部的一个群体，主要在墨西哥湾有海岸线的州。这一组脱颖而出，因为它们的叶片较窄或较宽，它们的下部通常具有深深凹进的凹边，形成喇叭状的圆形或尖耳，带有凹槽和无凹槽的基部，让人联想到鱼尾。通过从形态学和技术角度对它们进行比较，并且由于观察到北美和南美鱼尾点之间的相似性，本文假设提出南美Fell点与来自北美东部的相似点有关。还提出了一个可能的路线模型，即殖民者在南美洲北部和南半球赤道以外的土地上居住的浪潮所遵循的可能路线模型。它们的下部通常有深深的凹形边缘，形成喇叭状的圆形或尖耳，带有凹槽和无凹槽的基部，让人想起鱼尾。通过从形态学和技术角度对它们进行比较，并且由于观察到北美和南美鱼尾点之间的相似性，本文假设提出南美Fell点与来自北美东部的相似点有关。还提出了一个可能的路线模型，即殖民者在南美洲北部和南半球赤道以外的土地上居住的浪潮所遵循的可能路线模型。它们的下部通常有深深的凹形边缘，形成喇叭状的圆形或尖耳，带有凹槽和无凹槽的基部，让人想起鱼尾。通过从形态学和技术角度对它们进行比较，并且由于观察到北美和南美鱼尾点之间的相似性，本文假设提出南美Fell点与来自北美东部的相似点有关。还提出了一个可能的路线模型，即殖民者在南美洲北部和南半球赤道以外的土地上居住的浪潮所遵循的可能路线模型。通过从形态学和技术角度对它们进行比较，并且由于观察到北美和南美鱼尾点之间的相似性，本文假设提出南美Fell点与来自北美东部的相似点有关。还提出了一个可能的路线模型，即在南美洲北部和南半球赤道以外的土地上居住的殖民者浪潮所遵循的可能路线。通过从形态学和技术角度对它们进行比较，并且由于观察到北美和南美鱼尾点之间的相似性，本文假设提出南美Fell点与来自北美东部的相似点有关。还提出了一个可能的路线模型，即殖民者在南美洲北部和南半球赤道以外的土地上居住的浪潮所遵循的可能路线模型。