Introduction

Regular exercise has been associated with better mental health, but relationships of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with mental health symptoms are less certain. We conducted a large cross-sectional study to examine associations of exercise frequency and objectively measured CRF with symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Methods

Data originates from the Swedish Health Profile Assessment (HPA) database, a general health assessment offered to all employees working for companies or organizations connected to occupational and health services. Participants reported the frequency (last 30 days) of structured exercise and completed a 6-min VO_2max test on a cycle ergometer to determine CRF. Data on relevant covariates including leisure-time sedentary behavior were also collected. The study outcome was self-reported frequent (often/very often) symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Results

Complete data from 36,595 participants were analyzed (41% female, mean age = 42 years). In fully-adjusted models, compared to those in the lowest exercise frequency category (never/sometimes), those exercising 1–2 times/week and ≥3 times/week had 0.75 (95% CI = 0.68–0.82) and 0.72 (95% CI = 0.65–0.79) lower odds of reporting frequent symptoms of depression/anxiety, respectively. For CRF, crude models indicated a dose-response with the odds of frequent depression/anxiety symptoms reducing with higher CRF levels (low versus medium and high, respectively). No associations were found after adjustment for leisure-time sedentary behavior.

Conclusions

Exercising at least 1–2 times per week is associated with lower odds of depression/anxiety symptoms. Leisure-time sedentary behavior attenuates relationships of CRF with depression/anxiety symptoms.

中文翻译：

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运动频率和心肺功能与抑郁和焦虑症状的关联-对36,595名成年人的横断面研究

介绍

定期运动与更好的心理健康有关，但心肺健康（CRF）与心理健康症状的关系尚不确定。我们进行了一项大型的横断面研究，以检查运动频率和客观测量的CRF与抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关系。

方法

数据源自瑞典健康状况评估（HPA）数据库，这是一项针对所有为与职业和健康服务相关的公司或组织工作的员工提供的一般健康评估。参与者报告了结构化运动的频率（最近30天），并在自行车测功机上完成了6分钟的VO _2max测试以确定CRF。还收集了包括休闲时间久坐行为在内的相关协变量的数据。研究结果是自我报告的抑郁症和焦虑症（经常/非常频繁）症状。

结果

分析了来自36,595名参与者的完整数据（41％的女性，平均年龄= 42岁）。在完全调整的模型中，与最低运动频率类别中的运动者（从未/有时）相比，每周运动1–2次和每周≥3次的人分别具有0.75（95％CI = 0.68–0.82）和0.72（95） ％CI = 0.65-0.79）分别报告了抑郁/焦虑症频繁症状的几率较低。对于CRF，粗略模型表明剂量反应，随着较高CRF水平（分别为低，中，高），频繁抑郁/焦虑症状的几率降低。调整休闲时间久坐行为后，未发现任何关联。

结论

每周至少锻炼1-2次与降低抑郁症/焦虑症的几率相关。闲暇时久坐的行为减弱了CRF与抑郁/焦虑症状的关系。