The purpose of this paper is to apply thermoeconomics in a HVAC&R facility in order to implement the dynamic behaviour as well as to solve the direct problem of diagnosis. New methodological aspects of thermoeconomic applications are developed, such as a new method for setting the productive dynamic structure, in particular to define the commonly used three-way valves and the inertial components. Besides, a novel easy-to-use methodology is explained to filter the induced effects; and, consequently, a new way to solve the direct problem of the diagnosis is obtained. Some crucial aspects of Second Law applications are discussed and all of this is applied to a real HVAC&R system using data from an experimental test in which a two-fault operation condition was deliberately assigned.

The results demonstrate that this new thermoeconomic methodology can be applied to systems that behave dynamically to obtain extra information in costs distribution and in the evaluation of the effects of anomalies; and the method is particularly relevant when the dynamic behaviour of the components needs to be contemplated.

In summary, the novelty of this research is to go a step forward in thermoeconomic applications, developing a new methodology to be implemented in dynamic systems for fault detection and diagnosis, using a critical point of view.

本文的目的是将热经济学应用于HVAC＆R设施中，以实现动态行为并解决诊断的直接问题。开发了热经济应用的新方法论方面，例如用于设置生产动态结构的新方法，特别是用于定义常用的三通阀和惯性组件。此外，还介绍了一种新颖的易于使用的方法来过滤诱发的影响。因此，获得了解决诊断直接问题的新方法。讨论了第二定律应用的一些关键方面，并使用来自实验测试的数据将所有这些都应用于实际的HVAC＆R系统，在该实验中故意指定了两种故障的运行条件。

结果表明，这种新的热经济学方法可以应用于动态运行的系统，以获得成本分配和异常影响评估方面的额外信息。当需要考虑组件的动态行为时，该方法特别重要。

总而言之，这项研究的新颖性是要在热经济应用方面向前迈进，使用一种关键的观点，开发一种在故障检测和诊断的动态系统中实施的新方法。