Abstract Traditionally, equid milk has been used as an alternative to human milk for infants or children mainly because of its similarities in nutrient composition, hypoallergenicity, immune modulation and antimicrobial activity. As a highly nutritious substrate, it possesses great potential for probiotic bacteria isolation. The aim of this study was to assess the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum M2 and Lactobacillus plantarum KO9 isolated from donkey and mare milk, respectively, and determine TNF-α suppression attributed to their extracellular metabolites in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-)stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Resistance to simulated gastric and intestinal conditions, antimicrobial activity against pathogens, autoaggregation, coaggregation, biofilm quantification, antioxidative potential and haemolytic activity were determined. The isolated strains demonstrated great probiotic potential and their extracellular metabolites with molecular mass smaller than 2000 Da supressed TNF-α production up to 67% in LPS-stimulated PBMCs exerting high anti-inflammatory activity. Extracellular metabolites did not show any cyto/genotoxic effects toward PBMCs.

中文翻译：

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从马奶中分离的乳酸菌及其细胞外代谢物显示出巨大的益生菌特性和抗炎潜力

摘要 传统上，马奶被用作婴儿或儿童母乳的替代品，主要是因为其在营养成分、低过敏性、免疫调节和抗菌活性方面的相似性。作为一种营养丰富的底物，它具有分离益生菌的巨大潜力。本研究的目的是评估分别从驴奶和马奶中分离的植物乳杆菌 M2 和植物乳杆菌 KO9 的益生菌潜力，并确定归因于脂多糖 (LPS-) 刺激的人外周血中的细胞外代谢物的 TNF-α 抑制单核细胞 (PBMC)。对模拟胃和肠道条件的抵抗力、对病原体的抗菌活性、自动聚集、共聚集、生物膜定量、测定了抗氧化潜力和溶血活性。分离的菌株显示出巨大的益生菌潜力，其分子质量小于 2000 Da 的细胞外代谢物在 LPS 刺激的 PBMC 中抑制 TNF-α 的产生高达 67%，发挥高抗炎活性。细胞外代谢物对 PBMC 没有表现出任何细胞/基因毒性作用。