Abstract For the first time, the TiBe12 blocks have been manufactured by powder metallurgy using industrial equipment at the Ulba Metallurgical Plant. Such blocks will be used for neutron multiplication in the helium-cooled breeding blanket for the EU DEMO fusion reactor. The vacuum annealing of a cold-pressed composite of Be and Ti powders at 600–1275 °C approved the conditions for TiBe12 synthesis. After hot isostatic pressing at 1150 °C, a single-phase TiBe12 structure was formed, but the sample fragmented into several pieces. These beryllide pieces were used to manufacture TiBe12 powder. Vacuum hot pressing of the obtained powder resulted in a solid titanium beryllide workpieces of O150 mm × 170 mm. Electrical discharge machining and waterjet cutting were used to machine the external and internal surfaces in accordance with the design requirements. The obtained block has a density of 98.3 % of the theoretical density of TiBe12. Microstructural analysis revealed a bimodal grain size distribution with grains of 5–10 μm and 20–40 μm. Electrical conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of TiBe12 are similar to other beryllides. To mimic the pulsed operating conditions in DEMO, a sample of titanium beryllide was rapidly heated to 900 °C and cooled with a rate of 12 K/s. After 50 cycles, the sample had no cracks or severe surface oxidation.

中文翻译：

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用于DEMO毯应用的铍化钛块的工业规模制造经验

摘要 TiBe12 块体首次在 Ulba 冶金厂使用工业设备通过粉末冶金制造。这些块将用于欧盟 DEMO 聚变反应堆氦冷增殖毯中的中子增殖。Be 和 Ti 粉末的冷压复合材料在 600-1275 °C 下真空退火为 TiBe12 合成提供了条件。在 1150 °C 热等静压后，形成了单相 TiBe12 结构，但样品碎裂成几片。这些铍化物片用于制造 TiBe12 粉末。所得粉末的真空热压得到 O150 mm × 170 mm 的固体铍化钛工件。根据设计要求，采用电火花加工和水刀切割加工内外表面。所得块体的密度为 TiBe12 理论密度的 98.3%。微观结构分析揭示了双峰晶粒尺寸分布，晶粒为 5-10 μm 和 20-40 μm。TiBe12 的导电性和热膨胀系数与其他铍化物相似。为了模拟 DEMO 中的脉冲操作条件，将铍化钛样品快速加热至 900 °C，并以 12 K/s 的速率冷却。50 次循环后，样品没有裂纹或严重的表面氧化。TiBe12 的导电性和热膨胀系数与其他铍化物相似。为了模拟 DEMO 中的脉冲操作条件，将铍化钛样品快速加热至 900 °C，并以 12 K/s 的速率冷却。50 次循环后，样品没有裂纹或严重的表面氧化。TiBe12 的导电性和热膨胀系数与其他铍化物相似。为了模拟 DEMO 中的脉冲操作条件，将铍化钛样品快速加热至 900 °C，并以 12 K/s 的速率冷却。50 次循环后，样品没有裂纹或严重的表面氧化。