Abstract The energy transition toward renewable-dominated electricity supply, which many countries committed to achieve in the next decades, will pose major challenges to power systems reliable operation. A significant anticipated challenge, yet not tackled quantitatively by research works, is that, if countermeasures are not planned, the transmission grid will likely face in the years to come extreme situations of lack and/or excess of reactive power. This paper first raises awareness on the key issue of reactive power reserves scarcity as one moves toward renewable-dominated electricity supply and brings quantitative evidence underpinning this issue. Then, the paper elaborates a crude first version of a methodology to predict when such issue may start to occur. The core of the methodology includes a tailored AC security-constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) problem which evaluates the reactive power reserves scarcity. The usefulness of the proposed methodology is illustrated on two systems of 5 and 60 buses, respectively, considering N − 1 contingencies.

中文翻译：

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在向 100% 可再生能源供应过渡期间评估无功功率储备稀缺性

摘要 许多国家承诺在未来几十年内实现向可再生能源主导的电力供应的能源转型，这将对电力系统的可靠运行构成重大挑战。一项尚未通过研究工作定量解决的重大预期挑战是，如果不计划对策，输电网在未来几年可能会面临无功功率不足和/或过剩的极端情况。随着人们转向以可再生能源为主导的电力供应，本文首先提高了人们对无功储备稀缺这一关键问题的认识，并提供了支持这一问题的定量证据。然后，本文详细阐述了一种粗略的第一版方法，以预测此类问题何时可能开始发生。该方法的核心包括一个定制的 AC 安全约束最优潮流 (SCOPF) 问题，该问题评估无功功率储备稀缺性。考虑到 N - 1 次突发事件，分别在 5 和 60 条总线的两个系统上说明了所提出方法的有效性。