Planting of seedlings is the most reliable and speedy way of forest restoration. Routine spring planting of bareroot seedlings is frequently unsuccessful in central Europe. In this study, the effects of planting time and a spring-pre-planting application of ectomycorrhiza-hydrogel additive Ectovit and hydrogel Stockosorb on the development of bareroot and container Norway spruce and Scots pine seedlings on windthrow area in Western Carpathians, northwest Slovakia were estimated. Survival and aboveground growth parameters during three consecutive years and root dry weight, short root frequency, soil and needle nutrients concentration and ectomycorrhizal fungi root colonization and identification 2 years after planting were assessed. Regardless of planting time and additive, the best developed bareroot spruce (2 + 2) survived significantly better than container spruce (2 + 0), container pine (2 + 0) and especially small-size bareroot pine (1 + 0); bareroot pine was found unsuitable for planting in conditions of planting site. Both additives improved survival of spring-planted container spruce in the summer-drought second year after planting. Container spruce survived and grew significantly better following fall compared to spring planting time. Higher number of short roots was observed in spring than in fall planted bareroot spruce. Neither planting time nor additives affected root dry weight and abundance of ectomycorrhizae. No significant effects of the treatments on pine development were found. Except of K deficiency in container spruce, sufficient or overabundant foliar macro-nutrients concentration was detected. Visual morphotyping of short roots and identification of ectomycorrhizae by DNA analysis indicated inefficient ectomycorrhizal inoculation of seedlings with Ectovit.

种树是恢复森林最可靠，最快捷的方法。在中欧，常规的春季裸根苗春季播种往往不成功。在这项研究中，估计了播种时间和春季外植菌根水凝胶添加剂Ectovit和水凝胶Stockosorb的春季种植对斯洛伐克西北喀尔巴阡风域的裸根和容器挪威云杉和苏格兰松树幼苗生长的影响。 。评估了连续两年的存活和地上生长参数以及根系干重，短根频率，土壤和针叶养分浓度以及种植后2年的根外生菌根定植和鉴定。不论播种时间和添加剂如何，最发达的裸根云杉（2 + 2）比容器云杉（2 + 0），容器松（2 + 0）尤其是小型裸根松（1 + 0）的存活率显着提高；发现裸露的松木不适合在种植地点的条件下种植。两种添加剂均提高了春季种植的云杉在种植后第二年夏季干旱的存活率。与春季播种时间相比，秋季后的云杉存活下来并生长得更好。在春季观察到的短根数量高于秋季种植的裸根云杉。播种时间和添加剂都不会影响根茎干重和外生菌根的丰度。没有发现该处理对松树发育的显着影响。除了容器云杉中的钾缺乏外，还检测到足够或过量的叶面宏观营养素浓度。