In the past one decade, an increasing number of motor vehicles necessarily results in huge amounts of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) in the future. From the view point of environment protection and resource utilization, government subsidy and public awareness of environmental protection play a critical role in promoting the formal recycle enterprises to recycle the ELVs as many as possible. Different from the existing similar models, a mixed integer nonlinear optimization model is established in this paper to formulate the management problems of recycling ELVs as a centralized decision-making system, where damaged and aging degrees, correlation between the recycled quantity and take-back price of ELVs, and the public environmental protection awareness are considered. Unlike the results available in the literature, take-back prices of the ELVs are the endogenous variables of the model (decision variables), which affect the collected quantity of ELVs and the profit of recycling system. Additionally, due to distinct damaged and aging degrees of the ELVs, the refurbished or dismantled amounts of ELVs are also regarded as the decision variables so that the recycle system is more applicable. By case study and sensitivity analysis, validity of the model is verified and impacts of the governmental subsidy and environmental awareness are analyzed. By the proposed model, it is revealed that: (1) Distinct treatment of ELVs with different damaged and aging degrees can increase the profit of recycling ELVs; (2) Compared with the transportation cost, higher processing cost is a main obstacle to the profit growth. Advanced processing technology plays the most important role in improving the ELV recovery efficiency. (3) Both of government subsidy and environmental awareness seriously affect decision-making of recycle enterprises.

中文翻译：

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具有环保意识和损坏/老化程度的报废车辆管理问题的非线性优化

在过去的十年中，越来越多的汽车必然会导致未来大量报废汽车（ELV）。从环境保护和资源利用的角度来看，政府补贴和公众的环境保护意识在促进正规回收企业尽可能多地回收轻型电动车方面起着至关重要的作用。与现有的相似模型不同，本文建立了一个混合整数非线性优化模型，将回收ELVs的管理问题表述为一个集中决策系统，该模型存在损坏和老化程度，回收量与回收价格之间的相关性。电动汽车的数量，以及公众环保意识。与文献中的结果不同，ELV的回收价格是模型的内生变量（决策变量），它影响ELV的收集数量和回收系统的利润。另外，由于ELV的明显损坏和老化程度，翻新或拆除的ELV数量也被视为决策变量，因此回收系统更加适用。通过案例研究和敏感性分析，验证了该模型的有效性，并分析了政府补贴和环境意识的影响。通过提出的模型可以发现：（1）破损程度和老化程度不同的ELV的不同处理可以增加回收ELV的收益；（2）与运输成本相比，较高的加工成本是利润增长的主要障碍。先进的处理技术在提高ELV回收效率方面发挥着最重要的作用。（3）政府补贴和环境意识严重影响回收企业的决策。