All organisms must safeguard the integrity of their DNA to avoid deleterious consequences of genome instability, which have been linked to human diseases such as autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Traditionally, genome maintenance has been viewed largely in terms of DNA–protein interactions. However, emerging evidence points to RNA as a key modulator of genome stability, with seemingly opposing roles in promoting chromosomal instability and protecting genome integrity. Unravelling the mechanistic and contextual basis of this duality will not only improve our understanding of the interfaces between RNA and the genome but will also provide important insights into how disrupted RNA metabolism contributes to disease origin, laying the foundation for targeted intervention.

所有生物都必须维护其DNA的完整性，以避免与人类疾病（例如自身免疫性疾病，神经退行性疾病和癌症）有关的基因组不稳定的有害后果。传统上，人们通常从DNA-蛋白质相互作用的角度来看待基因组维护。但是，越来越多的证据表明RNA是基因组稳定性的关键调节剂，在促进染色体不稳定和保护基因组完整性方面似乎具有相反的作用。阐明这种二元性的机理和背景基础，不仅将增进我们对RNA与基因组之间界面的理解，还将提供关于RNA代谢受破坏如何导致疾病起源的重要见解，为定向干预奠定基础。