Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) have been associated with increased risk for parenting difficulties; however, cognitive factors related to parenting, such as parenting perceptions and beliefs regarding children's development, remain unexplored. This is problematic as negative and unrealistic beliefs regarding parenthood and children may be a key mechanism by which PTSS increases vulnerability for adverse parenting outcomes. The aims of the study were to examine whether PTSS and the specific posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom clusters were related to more negative parenting perceptions and to more unrealistic beliefs regarding children's development among 212 trauma-exposed parents (Mage = 36.68 SD = 7.38; 60.9% female; 54.3% White). Higher levels of PTSS corresponded with more negative parenting perceptions and more unrealistic expectations of children. Intrusion, avoidance, and negative alterations in cognitions and mood were not associated with parenting perceptions. Trauma-related alterations in arousal and reactivity were related to more negative parenting-related beliefs regarding one's child and oneself. PTSS, particularly trauma-related changes in arousal and reactivity symptoms, may be relevant in understanding perceptions of parenthood and beliefs regarding children's development. These symptoms may be targeted via trauma-focused treatments to increase adaptive parenting outcomes for parents who have experienced trauma.

中文翻译：

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受创伤父母的创伤后压力症状和关于养育子女发展的信念

创伤后压力症状 (PTSS) 与育儿困难的风险增加有关；然而，与育儿相关的认知因素，如育儿观念和对儿童发展的信念，仍未得到探索。这是有问题的，因为关于父母和孩子的消极和不切实际的信念可能是 PTSS 增加不利养育结果脆弱性的关键机制。该研究的目的是检验 PTSS 和特定的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 症状群是否与 212 位遭受创伤的父母（Mage = 36.68 SD = 7.38；Mage = 36.68 SD = 7.38； 60.9% 女性；54.3% 白人）。更高水平的 PTSS 与更消极的育儿观念和对孩子更不切实际的期望相对应。认知和情绪的侵入、回避和消极改变与育儿观念无关。与创伤相关的唤醒和反应性改变与对孩子和自己更消极的育儿相关信念有关。PTSS，尤其是与创伤相关的觉醒和反应性症状的变化，可能与理解对父母身份的看法和对儿童发展的信念有关。这些症状可以通过以创伤为重点的治疗为目标，以增加遭受创伤的父母的适应性养育结果。认知和情绪的负面改变与育儿观念无关。与创伤相关的唤醒和反应性改变与对孩子和自己更消极的育儿相关信念有关。PTSS，尤其是与创伤相关的唤醒和反应性症状的变化，可能与理解对父母身份的看法和对儿童发展的信念有关。这些症状可以通过以创伤为重点的治疗为目标，以增加遭受创伤的父母的适应性养育结果。认知和情绪的负面改变与育儿观念无关。与创伤相关的唤醒和反应性改变与对孩子和自己更消极的育儿相关信念有关。PTSS，尤其是与创伤相关的觉醒和反应性症状的变化，可能与理解对父母身份的看法和对儿童发展的信念有关。这些症状可以通过以创伤为重点的治疗为目标，以增加遭受创伤的父母的适应性养育结果。可能有助于理解对父母身份的看法和对儿童发展的信念。这些症状可以通过以创伤为重点的治疗为目标，以增加遭受创伤的父母的适应性养育结果。可能有助于理解对父母身份的看法和对儿童发展的信念。这些症状可以通过以创伤为重点的治疗为目标，以增加遭受创伤的父母的适应性养育结果。