Abstract

Background

Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. There is a paucity of prevalence studies from Sweden. Therefore, we report the prevalence of cataract and its risk factors in a population-based study of older adults in Sweden.

Methods

The Tierp Glaucoma Survey was conducted in the municipality of Tierp, Sweden, including 760 subjects aged 65–74 years. The presence of cataract was determined based on retroillumination, with lens opacities evident on slit-lamp examination. To assess risk factors for cataract, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated, adjusted for age and gender.

Results

A total of 234 individuals were found to have cataract, 12 of whom had undergone cataract surgery. The prevalence adjusted for nonparticipation was 31.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 29.4–33.6), 35.2% (95% CI 28.7–41.8) in females and 26.2% (95% CI 19.8–32.6) in males. Cataract was associated with age ≥70 years (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.41–2.64), female gender (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.12–2.11), and myopia (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.16–3.56), while pseudoexfoliation, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and ischaemic heart disease were not.

Conclusion

Nearly one-third of the sample were estimated to have lens opacities, or had undergone cataract surgery, making cataract a frequent disorder of older age. The study provided further evidence that increasing age, female gender, and myopia are associated with cataract.

中文翻译：

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瑞典年龄相关性白内障的患病率和危险因素。

 抽象的

 背景

白内障是全世界视力障碍的主要原因。瑞典的患病率研究很少。因此，我们在瑞典老年人的一项基于人群的研究中报告了白内障的患病率及其危险因素。

 方法

Tierp 青光眼调查在瑞典 Tierp 市进行，包括 760 名年龄在 65-74 岁之间的受试者。白内障的存在是根据逆照法确定的，裂隙灯检查时晶状体混浊明显。为了评估白内障的危险因素，计算了比值比 (OR)，并根据年龄和性别进行了调整。

 结果

共有234人被发现患有白内障，其中12人接受过白内障手术。未参与调整后的女性患病率为 31.5%（95% 置信区间 [CI] 29.4–33.6）、35.2%（95% CI 28.7–41.8），男性为 26.2%（95% CI 19.8–32.6）。白内障与年龄≥70岁（OR 1.93；95% CI 1.41–2.64）、女性（OR 1.54；95% CI 1.12–2.11）和近视（OR 2.3；95% CI 1.16–3.56）相关，而假性剥脱则与白内障相关。 、吸烟、糖尿病、高血压和缺血性心脏病则不然。

 结论

据估计，近三分之一的样本患有晶状体混浊，或接受过白内障手术，使白内障成为老年常见疾病。该研究进一步证明年龄增长、女性性别和近视与白内障有关。