The water vulnerability of the Crati river (Calabria, Italy), was assessed by applying chemometric methods on a large number of analytical parameters. This study was applied to a data set collected in the years 2015–2016, recording 30 physical–chemical and geological parameters at 25 sampling points, measured both for water and for sediments. The processing of the data by principal component analysis (PCA) allowed for highlighting the influence of the components most responsible for pollution. The accumulation of heavy metals in the water was detected only in two samples near the source of the river. On the contrary, their concentration values in the sediments exceeded the legal limit in several sites, probably due to their proximity to urban areas. In this case, high concentrations of chromium, mercury and nickel were detected both at the mouth of the river and along the valley. Lead was only detected in one sediment sample. The multivariate analysis techniques proved to be very useful to completely characterize the areas surrounding a river course and facilitate the development of a risk map to monitor health risks to the local population.

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使用多变量分析评估地表水质量：意大利克拉蒂河的案例研究

克拉蒂河（意大利卡拉布里亚）的水脆弱性是通过对大量分析参数应用化学计量学方法来评估的。这项研究应用于 2015-2016 年收集的数据集，记录了 25 个采样点的 30 个物理-化学和地质参数，对水和沉积物进行了测量。通过主成分分析 (PCA) 处理数据可以突出对污染负有最大责任的成分的影响。仅在靠近河流源头的两个样本中检测到水中重金属的积累。相反，它们在沉积物中的浓度值在几个地点超过了法律限制，可能是因为它们靠近市区。在这种情况下，高浓度的铬，在河口和山谷沿线都检测到了汞和镍。仅在一份沉积物样本中检测到铅。事实证明，多变量分析技术对于完全表征河道周围区域和促进风险地图的开发非常有用，以监测当地人口的健康风险。