The saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is one of the most important soil properties for many hydrological simulation models. Especially in South Korea, analyzing the Ks of the forest soil is essential for understanding the water cycle throughout the country, because forests cover almost two-thirds of the whole country. However, few studies have focused on the forest soil in the temperate climate zone on a nationwide scale. In this study, 1456 forest soil samples were collected throughout South Korea and pedo-transfer functions employed to predict the Ks were developed. The non-linearities of the soil and topographic features were considered with the pretreatment of variables, and the variance inflation factor was used for treating the multicollinearity problem. The forest stand and site characteristics were also categorized by an ANOVA and post hoc test due to their diversity. As a result, the Ks values were different for various forest stands and site characteristics, which was statistically significant. Additionally, the model performance was higher when both soil properties and topographic features were considered. The sensitivity analysis showed that the Ks was highly affected by the bulk density, sand fraction, slope, and upper catchment area. Therefore, the topographic features were as important in predicting the Ks as the soil properties of the forest soil.

中文翻译：

---

考虑林分和立地特征，开发韩国森林土壤饱和导水率的土壤传递函数

饱和导水率 (Ks) 是许多水文模拟模型中最重要的土壤特性之一。特别是在韩国，分析森林土壤的 Ks 对于了解整个国家的水循环至关重要，因为森林几乎覆盖了整个国家的三分之二。然而，很少有研究在全国范围内关注温带气候区的森林土壤。在这项研究中，在整个韩国收集了 1456 个森林土壤样本，并开发了用于预测 Ks 的土壤传递函数。变量的预处理考虑了土壤和地形特征的非线性，方差膨胀因子用于处理多重共线性问题。由于其多样性，林分和场地特征也通过方差分析和事后检验进行了分类。因此，不同林分和立地特征的 Ks 值不同，具有统计学意义。此外，当同时考虑土壤特性和地形特征时，模型性能更高。敏感性分析表明，Ks 受容重、沙子比例、坡度和上流域面积的影响很大。因此，地形特征在预测 Ks 方面与森林土壤的土壤性质一样重要。当同时考虑土壤特性和地形特征时，模型性能更高。敏感性分析表明，Ks 受容重、沙子比例、坡度和上流域面积的影响很大。因此，地形特征在预测 Ks 方面与森林土壤的土壤性质一样重要。当同时考虑土壤特性和地形特征时，模型性能更高。敏感性分析表明，Ks 受容重、沙子比例、坡度和上流域面积的影响很大。因此，地形特征在预测 Ks 方面与森林土壤的土壤性质一样重要。