Hybrid propulsion and using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as the alternative fuel have been applied on automobiles and some small ships, but research investigating the fuel consumption and emissions over the total voyage of ocean-going cargo ships with a hybrid propulsion and different fuels is limited. This paper tries to fill the knowledge gap by investigating the influence of the ship mission profile, propulsion modes and effects of different fuels on the fuel consumption and emissions of the ship over the whole voyage, including transit in open sea and manoeuvring in close-to-port areas. Results show that propulsion control and electric power generation modes have a notable influence on the ship’s fuel consumption and emissions during the voyage. During close-to-port manoeuvres, propelling the ship in power-take-in (PTI) mode and generating the electric power by auxiliary engines rather than the main engine will reduce the local NOx and HC (hydrocarbons) emissions significantly. Sailing the ship on LNG will reduce the fuel consumption, CO₂ and NOx emissions notably while producing higher HC emissions than traditional fuels. The hybridisation of the ship propulsion and using LNG together with ship voyage optimisation, considering the ship mission, ship operations and sea conditions, will improve the ship’s fuel consumption and emissions over the whole voyage significantly.

中文翻译：

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混合动力和远航不同燃油的远洋货船油耗和排放

混合动力和使用液化天然气（LNG）作为替代燃料已应用于汽车和一些小型船舶，但是研究混合动力和不同燃料的远洋货船在整个航行中的油耗和排放量的研究仍在进行中。有限。本文试图通过调查船舶的任务概况，推进方式以及不同燃料对整个航行过程中船舶的油耗和排放的影响，包括在公海上过海和近海航行中的操纵，来填补知识上的空白。港口地区。结果表明，推进控制和发电方式对航行期间船舶的油耗和排放有显着影响。在接近港口的行动中，以取力器（PTI）模式推进船舶并通过辅助发动机而非主发动机发电，将大大减少当地的NOx和HC（碳氢化合物）排放。使用LNG航行的船舶将减少燃料消耗，CO₂和NOx排放显着，而产生的HC排放却比传统燃料高。考虑到船舶的任务，船舶的运行情况和海况，混合使用船舶推进系统和使用LNG以及优化船舶航行，将显着改善整个航行过程中的燃油消耗和排放。