Distribution, investigation, surveillance and control (DISC) of cholera outbreaks in endemic/non-endemic regions has been a concerted approach towards the management of the causal pathogen. Relevant organization, government, health systems and the public have implemented several steps towards controlling the menace, yet pathogen continues to occur with diverse phenotypes/genotypes of high clinical and epidemiological relevance. The study determines antibiotic susceptibility/resistance pattern of Vibrio cholerae isolates retrieved from six domestic water sources between March and August 2018. Serological and molecular typing methods (polymerase chain reaction or PCR) were used to confirm the isolates identity. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted using six commonly employed antibiotics of V. cholerae according to the recommendation of Clinical Laboratory Standard and European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing with other relevant antibiotics of investigative epidemiology and infection control, employing both disc diffusion test and PCR gene detection. Samples presumptive counts ranged between 1.10 to 7.91 log10 CFU/mL. Amongst the 759 presumptive isolates retrieved, sixty-one were confirmed as V. cholerae which were further serogrouped as Non-O1/Non-O139 V. cholerae. Various V. cholerae resistant phenotypes/genoytypes were detected vis: carbapenemase (CR-Vc; 31.1%/5.3%). New Delhi Metallobetalactamase (NDM-1-Vc; 23.0%/42.5%), extended spectrum betalactamase (ESBL-Vc; 42.6%/blaTEM:86,7%), chloramphenicol resistance (62.3%/Flor: 46.2%}, tetracycline resistance (70.5%/46.7%), AmpC resistance (21.0 (34.4%/56.7%)) and various other resistant genotypes/phenotypes. It was observed that more than 50% of the confirmed V. cholerae isolates possess resistance to two or more antibiotic classes/groups with multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) ranging from 0.031 to 0.5. This observation provides necessary information and updates for surveillance, planning and implementation of control strategies for cholera. It would also encourage decision making, formulation of policy by the government and cholera control authorities.

中文翻译：

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抗生素药敏试验（AST）报告：环境/流行病学监测和环境霍乱弧菌感染控制的基础。

在地方性/非地方性地区霍乱暴发的分布，调查，监视和控制（DISC）已成为处理病原体的一致方法。相关组织，政府，卫生系统和公众已经采取了一些措施来控制这种威胁，但是病原体继续以具有高度临床和流行病学相关性的多种表型/基因型发生。该研究确定了2018年3月至2018年8月之间从六个家庭水源中检索到的霍乱弧菌分离株的抗生素敏感性/耐药性模式。采用血清学和分子分型方法（聚合酶链反应或PCR）确认分离株的身份。抗生素药敏试验是使用六种常用的抗生素进行的根据临床实验室标准和欧洲抗生素敏感性试验委员会的建议，采用霍乱弧菌与其他相关抗生素进行调查性流行病学和感染控制，同时采用圆盘扩散试验和PCR基因检测。样品推定计数范围为1.10至7.91 log10 CFU / mL。在检索到的759个推定分离株中，有61个被确认为霍乱弧菌，进一步血清分组为Non-O1 / Non-O139霍乱弧菌。各种霍乱弧菌相对于：碳青霉烯酶（CR-Vc； 31.1％/ 5.3％）检测到耐药表型/基因型。新德里金属内酰胺酶（NDM-1-Vc; 23.0％/ 42.5％），扩展光谱内酰胺酶（ESBL-Vc; 42.6％/ blaTEM：86.7％），氯霉素抗性（62.3％/ Flor：46.2％}，四环素抗性（70.5％/ 46.7％），AmpC耐药性（21.0（34.4％/ 56.7％））和其他各种耐药基因型/表型，观察到确诊的霍乱弧菌超过50％分离株对两个或多个抗生素类别/组具有耐药性，多重抗生素耐药性指数（MARI）为0.031至0.5。该观察结果为霍乱的监测，规划和实施控制策略提供了必要的信息和更新。它还将鼓励政府和霍乱控制当局的决策，政策制定。